Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Associative Learning01:27

Associative Learning

2.1K
Associative learning is a fundamental concept in behavioral psychology, wherein a connection is established between two stimuli or events, leading to a learned response. This process is critical in understanding how behaviors are acquired and modified. Conditioning, the mechanism through which associations are formed, can be divided into two main types: classical conditioning and operant conditioning, each elucidating different aspects of associative learning.
Classical conditioning, also known...
2.1K
Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory01:26

Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory

2.2K
Memory is one of the most vital higher mental functions of the brain. Memory is closely related to learning because it enables us to retain information and experiences from our past to use them in our present life. It also helps us to remember facts, events, and skills, such as riding a bike or swimming. There are two types of memory — declarative memory, which involves memorizing facts or events, and procedural memory, which enables us to remember how to do something like writing or...
2.2K
Real-World Application of Classical Conditioning01:15

Real-World Application of Classical Conditioning

2.6K
Classical conditioning not only includes the initial pairing of stimuli but also extends to more complex forms, such as higher-order conditioning. Higher-order conditioning involves creating associations beyond the primary conditioned stimulus, resulting in a chain of conditioned responses.
Higher-order, or second-order, conditioning occurs when a neutral stimulus becomes associated with an already established conditioned stimulus through repeated pairings. For instance, if a dog has been...
2.6K
Classical Conditioning01:18

Classical Conditioning

14.1K
Associative learning, a core principle in behavioral psychology, involves forming connections between events and facilitating learned responses. This concept is vividly illustrated by classical conditioning, a process extensively studied by the Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov. Pavlov's pioneering research on dogs' digestive systems led to the discovery that behaviors can be learned through association, laying the groundwork for classical conditioning.
Ivan Pavlov observed that dogs...
14.1K
Attribution Theory00:56

Attribution Theory

9.9K
Behavior is a product of both the situation (e.g., cultural influences, social roles, and the presence of bystanders) and of the person (e.g., personality characteristics). Subfields of psychology tend to focus on one influence or behavior over others. Situationism is the view that our behavior and actions are determined by our immediate environment and surroundings. In contrast, dispositionism holds that our behavior is determined by internal factors (Heider, 1958).
9.9K
Cognitive Learning01:21

Cognitive Learning

1.6K
Cognitive learning is based on purposive behavior, incidental learning, and insight learning.
E. C. Tolman's theory of purposive behavior emphasizes that much behavior is goal-directed. He argued that to understand behavior, we must look at the entire sequence of actions leading to a goal. For instance, high school students study hard, not just due to past reinforcement but also to achieve the goal of getting into a good college.
Tolman introduced the idea that behavior is influenced by...
1.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Affiliation in human-AI interactions is based on shared psychological traits.

Communications psychology·2026
Same author

Their wellbeing affects our wellbeing: student perspectives of lecturer wellbeing and its consequences for student wellbeing.

Higher education·2025
Same author

Contingency learning of social cues: neural engagement and emotional modulation by facial expressions.

Frontiers in human neuroscience·2025
Same author

Improving reporting standards in quantitative educational intervention research: introducing the CLOSER and CIDER checklists.

Journal of new approaches in educational research·2025
Same author

Symmetrical "super learning": Enhancing causal learning using a bidirectional probabilistic outcome.

Journal of experimental psychology. Animal learning and cognition·2025
Same author

A novel 14mer peptide, T14, is associated with age-dependent behaviour in female mice.

Neurobiology of aging·2024
Same journal

Time does the teaching.

Journal of experimental psychology. Animal learning and cognition·2026
Same journal

Language learning in canines and toddlers: Shared origins?

Journal of experimental psychology. Animal learning and cognition·2026
Same journal

The role of outcome affective value in driving human Pavlovian learning.

Journal of experimental psychology. Animal learning and cognition·2026
Same journal

Crashing the tea party: Imagining alternative explanations.

Journal of experimental psychology. Animal learning and cognition·2026
Same journal

Static outcomes: Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation at Fp3 or P3 does not modulate perceptual learning as indexed by the intermixed-blocked effect.

Journal of experimental psychology. Animal learning and cognition·2026
Same journal

A method for visual psychophysics based on the navigational behavior of desert ants (Melophorus bagoti).

Journal of experimental psychology. Animal learning and cognition·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 3, 2026

Measuring Statistical Learning Across Modalities and Domains in School-Aged Children Via an Online Platform and Neuroimaging Techniques
08:05

Measuring Statistical Learning Across Modalities and Domains in School-Aged Children Via an Online Platform and Neuroimaging Techniques

Published on: June 30, 2020

6.1K

Sampling capacity underlies individual differences in human associative learning.

Nicola C Byrom1, Robin A Murphy1

  • 1Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford.

Journal of Experimental Psychology. Animal Learning and Cognition
|January 23, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Individual differences in learning, specifically generalization, are linked to cognitive processing styles. Global processing enhances negative patterning discrimination, suggesting it limits generalization between stimulus compounds and their elements.

More Related Videos

Appetitive Associative Olfactory Learning in Drosophila Larvae
09:22

Appetitive Associative Olfactory Learning in Drosophila Larvae

Published on: February 18, 2013

18.9K
Automated, Quantitative Cognitive/Behavioral Screening of Mice: For Genetics, Pharmacology, Animal Cognition and Undergraduate Instruction
16:23

Automated, Quantitative Cognitive/Behavioral Screening of Mice: For Genetics, Pharmacology, Animal Cognition and Undergraduate Instruction

Published on: February 26, 2014

13.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 3, 2026

Measuring Statistical Learning Across Modalities and Domains in School-Aged Children Via an Online Platform and Neuroimaging Techniques
08:05

Measuring Statistical Learning Across Modalities and Domains in School-Aged Children Via an Online Platform and Neuroimaging Techniques

Published on: June 30, 2020

6.1K
Appetitive Associative Olfactory Learning in Drosophila Larvae
09:22

Appetitive Associative Olfactory Learning in Drosophila Larvae

Published on: February 18, 2013

18.9K
Automated, Quantitative Cognitive/Behavioral Screening of Mice: For Genetics, Pharmacology, Animal Cognition and Undergraduate Instruction
16:23

Automated, Quantitative Cognitive/Behavioral Screening of Mice: For Genetics, Pharmacology, Animal Cognition and Undergraduate Instruction

Published on: February 26, 2014

13.6K

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Learning and Memory
  • Behavioral Neuroscience

Background:

  • External factors influencing associative learning are well-studied.
  • Internal cognitive dispositions influencing stimulus processing and generalization remain less explored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between global processing and generalization.
  • To examine individual differences in negative patterning discrimination.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a modified negative patterning discrimination task.
  • Experiment 2 involved pretraining participants to adopt global processing.

Main Results:

  • Global processing was correlated with stronger negative patterning discrimination.
  • This indicates a reduced generalization between stimulus compounds and their elements.
  • Pretraining global processing in Experiment 2 replicated these findings.

Conclusions:

  • Individual differences in negative patterning discrimination capacity exist.
  • A tendency toward global processing may explain variability in learning and generalization.
  • Learning models should incorporate individual cognitive differences.