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Updated: May 3, 2026

Effects of Mechanical Methods Used in Peri-implantitis Treatment on Implant Surface Decontamination and Roughness
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Integrity of implant surface modifications after insertion.

Daniel Mints, Carlos Elias, Paul Funkenbusch

    The International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants
    |January 24, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary

    Dental implant surface topography is altered during insertion. Anodized implant surfaces showed significant damage, releasing titanium particles, necessitating further in vivo research on bone response.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biomaterials Science
    • Dental Implantology
    • Surface Engineering

    Background:

    • Dental implant success relies on surface integrity and osseointegration.
    • Surface modifications aim to enhance implant stability and bone response.
    • Understanding post-insertion surface changes is crucial for predicting clinical outcomes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the surface integrity of dental implants with common surface modifications after insertion.
    • To determine if implant surface topography is retained post-insertion.
    • To assess the impact of insertion torque on surface modification integrity.

    Main Methods:

    • Three types of experimental implants (turned, acid-etched, anodized) were inserted into polyurethane foam blocks at 37 Ncm torque.

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  • Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used for qualitative surface analysis.
  • Interferometry quantified surface roughness parameters (Sa, Spk, Sp).

    • Main Results:

    • Turned implants maintained their surface morphology.
    • Acid-etched implants showed reduced peak height and flattened areas.
    • Anodized implants exhibited significant damage, with oxide layer removal and loose titanium particles observed.

    Conclusions:

    • Implant insertion can cause significant surface damage, particularly to anodized surfaces.
    • Loose titanium particles generated from anodized implants may impact peri-implant bone response.
    • Further in vivo studies are required to investigate the clinical relevance of these findings.