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Emerging options for emergency contraception.

Atsuko Koyama1, Laura Hagopian2, Judith Linden2

  • 1Department of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Clinical Medicine Insights. Reproductive Health
|January 24, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Emergency contraception (EC) offers various effective methods like the copper IUD and pills (levonorgestrel, ulipristal acetate, Yuzpe method) to prevent pregnancy. Choice depends on availability, cost, and individual patient preference.

Keywords:
emergency contraceptionemergency contraceptive pillsintrauterine devicelevonorgestrel

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Health
  • Contraception

Background:

  • Emergency contraception (EC) has been available since the 1970s.
  • EC methods are widespread and include various pharmacological and device-based options.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanisms of action, efficacy, safety, and side effects of EC.
  • To discuss clinical considerations and patient preferences for EC usage.

Main Methods:

  • Review of available EC options: copper intrauterine device (IUD) and emergency contraceptive pills (levonorgestrel, ulipristal acetate, Yuzpe method, mifepristone).
  • Analysis of contraindications, availability (over-the-counter vs. prescription), cost, and patient preferences.

Main Results:

  • EC, including pills and copper IUD, is effective in preventing pregnancy when used appropriately.
  • No absolute contraindications exist for emergency contraceptive pills, except for ulipristal acetate and mifepristone.

Conclusions:

  • A broad range of EC options are available, with varying accessibility and prescription requirements.
  • Regimen selection is influenced by factors such as local availability, cost, and patient preference.