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Related Concept Videos

Goiter01:27

Goiter

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Goiter refers to an abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland that may appear as a diffuse goiter (uniform enlargement) or nodular (single or multiple nodules). Functionally, it is classified as nontoxic (normal/low hormone levels) or toxic (excess hormone production).PathophysiologyDiffuse thyroid enlargement typically results from prolonged stimulation by thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) or TSH-like agents, commonly seen in hypothyroidism or iodine deficiency. In contrast, in hyperthyroid...
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Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:27

Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology

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Hyperthyroidism is a hypermetabolic state caused by elevated levels of thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). It results from dysregulation at the thyroid, pituitary, or immune system level and affects multiple organ systems.PathophysiologyThe most common cause of hyperthyroidism is Graves’ disease, an autoimmune disorder in which antibodies, specifically thyroid-stimulating antibodies (TSAb), a subtype of TSH receptor antibodies (TRAb), bind to and activate TSH...
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Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology01:24

Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology

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Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the production of thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSI) that activate TSH receptors, leading to excessive synthesis and release of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and resulting in hyperthyroidism.Among all causes of hyperthyroidism, Graves’ disease is the most common and can happen at any age, though it is more frequent in women. It produces a hypermetabolic state with features such as weight loss, tachycardia, tremor,...
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Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction01:25

Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction

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Hyperthyroidism is a type of thyrotoxicosis characterized by the thyroid gland's overproduction of the thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). This hormone excess increases the basal metabolic rate and enhances sensitivity to catecholamines.DiagnosisDiagnosis is based on clinical features and biochemical testing. It typically shows suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels below 0.4 mIU/L, with elevated free T3 and/or T4. Additional tests, including thyroid...
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The Thyroid Gland01:23

The Thyroid Gland

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The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...
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Graves' Disease I: Introduction01:28

Graves' Disease I: Introduction

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Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder that causes hyperthyroidism, or overactivity of the thyroid gland. It results from autoantibodies called thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSIs), which bind to thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptors, leading to overstimulation of hormone production and a hypermetabolic state.EtiologyAlthough considered idiopathic, Graves’ disease has well-established contributing factors. There is a strong genetic component, with increased prevalence...
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Transoral Robotic Total Thyroidectomy and Bilateral Central Regional Lymph Node Dissection for Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
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[Submandibular swelling four years after total thyroidectomy].

R-H Khonsari1, C Bertolus1, P Corre2

  • 1Service de chirurgie maxillo-faciale et stomatologie, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie Paris 06, 75006 Paris, France.

Revue De Stomatologie, De Chirurgie Maxillo-Faciale Et De Chirurgie Orale
|January 25, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Submandibular swelling can rarely be caused by ectopic thyroid tissue. A history of thyroid disease is crucial for diagnosing unusual neck masses.

Keywords:
Benign tumorChirurgie cervicaleGlande submandibulaireNeck surgerySubmandibular glandThyroidThyroïdeTumeur bénigne

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Area of Science:

  • Maxillofacial Surgery
  • Endocrinology
  • Head and Neck Pathology

Background:

  • Submandibular swelling typically arises from the submandibular gland, often due to stones or tumors.
  • Rarely, submandibular swelling can result from ectopic thyroid tissue.
  • This case highlights an unusual presentation of a thyroid lesion in the submandibular space.

Observation:

  • A 47-year-old female presented with a 2-year history of progressive right-sided submandibular swelling.
  • She had a prior total thyroidectomy for toxic multinodular goiter.
  • Imaging and fine-needle aspiration suggested a thyroid origin, confirmed intraoperatively.

Findings:

  • The patient was diagnosed with an ectopic goiter in the submandibular space.
  • Fine needle cytopuncture revealed follicular cells consistent with thyroid tissue.
  • Cervicotomy confirmed the presence of ectopic thyroid tissue.

Implications:

  • Thyroid disorders can manifest in the submandibular region, though infrequently.
  • Ectopic goiter should be considered in the differential diagnosis of submandibular masses.
  • A thorough patient history, including thyroid disease, is vital for accurate diagnosis in maxillofacial surgery.