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A Double Humanized BLT-mice Model Featuring a Stable Human-Like Gut Microbiome and Human Immune System
Published on: August 30, 2019
Use of rodents as models of human diseases
1University of Strasbourg, Faculty of Pharmacy, UMR 7199 CNRS, Laboratory of Concept and Application of Bioactive Molecules, Biogalenic Team, 74 Route du Rhin, 67400 Illkirch Graffenstaden, France.
Abstract:
Advances in molecular biology have significantly increased the understanding of the biology of different diseases. However, these discoveries have not yet been fully translated into improved treatments for patients with diseases such as cancers. One of the factors limiting the translation of knowledge from preclinical studies to the clinic has been the limitations of in vivo diseases models. In this brief review, we will discuss the advantages and disadvantages of rodent models that have been developed to simulate human pathologies, focusing in models that employ xenografts and genetic modification. Within the framework of genetically engineered mouse (GEM) models, we will review some of the current genetic strategies for modeling diseases in the mouse and the preclinical studies that have already been undertaken. We will also discuss how recent improvements in imaging technologies may increase the information derived from using these GEMs during early assessments of potential therapeutic pathways. Furthermore, it is interesting to note that one of the values of using a mouse model is the very rapid turnover rate of the animal, going through the process of birth to death in a very short timeframe relative to that of larger mammalian species.
Insights
Rodent models, including genetically engineered mouse (GEM) models, are crucial for understanding diseases like cancer. These models, utilizing xenografts and genetic modification, aid in translating preclinical findings into clinical treatments.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Research
- Translational Medicine
- Disease Modeling
Background:
- Molecular biology advances have deepened disease understanding but clinical translation remains a challenge.
- Limitations in current in vivo disease models hinder the application of preclinical findings.
- Rodent models offer a platform to bridge the gap between basic research and patient treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the advantages and disadvantages of rodent models for simulating human diseases.
- To focus on xenograft and genetically modified models, particularly genetically engineered mouse (GEM) models.
- To discuss the role of imaging technologies and the utility of mouse models in therapeutic pathway assessment.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on rodent models for human pathologies.
- Focus on xenograft and genetically engineered mouse (GEM) models.
- Discussion of genetic strategies for disease modeling in mice.
Main Results:
- Genetically engineered mouse (GEM) models offer valuable insights into disease biology.
- Xenograft and genetic modification strategies are key in developing relevant preclinical models.
- Advancements in imaging technologies enhance data acquisition from GEM models.
Conclusions:
- Rodent models, especially GEMs, are essential for advancing translational research in diseases like cancer.
- Improved in vivo models are critical for accelerating the development of novel patient therapies.
- The rapid lifecycle of mice facilitates efficient preclinical drug development and testing.
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