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Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
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Tissue Collection and RNA Extraction from the Human Osteoarthritic Knee Joint
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"Generalized osteoarthritis": a systematic review.

Amanda E Nelson1, Michael W Smith2, Yvonne M Golightly3

  • 1Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Doc J. Thurston Building, Campus Box 7280, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7280; Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC.

Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism
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PubMed
Summary

Generalized osteoarthritis (GOA) lacks a standard definition, impacting health outcomes. Multi-joint or polyarticular osteoarthritis are recommended descriptive terms for OA affecting multiple joints.

Keywords:
Generalized osteoarthritisSystematic reviews

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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Epidemiology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Generalized osteoarthritis (GOA) lacks a universally accepted definition in scientific literature.
  • Existing definitions vary, leading to inconsistencies in research and clinical practice.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review existing definitions of GOA.
  • To identify risk factors and outcomes associated with GOA.
  • To provide recommendations for standardized terminology.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search of MEDLINE using terms related to generalized, polyarticular, and multi-joint osteoarthritis.
  • Review of 948 titles and abstracts, followed by full-text review of 108 articles.
  • Data extraction from 74 selected articles and 24 additional articles identified through bibliographic review.

Main Results:

  • Over 60 years, 30 studies presented 15 distinct definitions for GOA, with prevalence ranging from 1-80% (most commonly 5-25%).
  • Age, female sex, and genetic factors were consistently associated with increased GOA risk and progression.
  • Increased osteoarthritis burden correlated with higher mortality, disability, and poorer health outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • No standardized definition for generalized osteoarthritis currently exists.
  • The term GOA is frequently used, but its impact on health is greater when osteoarthritis affects multiple joints.
  • Recommends using descriptive terms like multi-joint or polyarticular osteoarthritis for clarity.