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Periodic Classification of the Elements04:00

Periodic Classification of the Elements

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The periodic table arranges atoms based on increasing atomic number so that elements with the same chemical properties recur periodically. When their electron configurations are added to the table, a periodic recurrence of similar electron configurations in the outer shells of these elements is observed. Because they are in the outer shells of an atom, valence electrons play the most important role in chemical reactions. The outer electrons have the highest energy of the electrons in an atom...
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The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
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Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
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Isomerism in Complexes
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Color in Coordination Complexes
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Indium-bridged [1]ferrocenophanes.

Bidraha Bagh1, Saeid Sadeh, Jennifer C Green

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5C9 (Canada), Fax: (+1) 306-966-4730; Present address: Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6 (Canada).

Chemistry (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|January 28, 2014
PubMed
Summary

New indium-bridged ferrocenophanes were synthesized. Planar-chiral precursors enabled selective synthesis of a strained [1]ferrocenophane, which polymerized and showed high strain upon hydrogenolysis.

Keywords:
density functional calculationsferrocenophanesindiummetallocenesring-opening polymerization

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Area of Science:

  • Organometallic Chemistry
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Coordination Chemistry

Background:

  • Ferrocenophanes are organometallic compounds with unique structural and electronic properties.
  • Indium-bridged ferrocenophanes represent a novel class of metallocenophanes with potential applications in materials science.
  • Understanding the synthesis and properties of these compounds is crucial for developing new functional materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize novel indium-bridged [1]ferrocenophanes and [1.1]ferrocenophanes.
  • To investigate the effect of stereochemistry and substituents on the formation and properties of these ferrocenophanes.
  • To explore the polymerization behavior and strain analysis of the synthesized compounds.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of dilithioferrocene derivatives.
  • Reaction of dilithioferrocenes with indium dichlorides.
  • Characterization of ferrocenophane products using spectroscopic and analytical techniques.
  • Ring-opening polymerization studies.
  • Computational hydrogenolysis reactions for strain analysis.

Main Results:

  • Successful synthesis of indium-bridged [1]ferrocenophanes, [1.1]ferrocenophanes, and oligomers.
  • Selective synthesis of a planar-chiral inda[1]ferrocenophane using enantiomerically pure precursors.
  • Ring-opening polymerization of the chiral inda[1]ferrocenophane to yield a polymer.
  • Identification of the most structurally distorted [1]ferrocenophane as the most strained species via hydrogenolysis.

Conclusions:

  • The synthetic strategy allows for the controlled formation of indium-bridged ferrocenophanes.
  • Stereochemical control in precursors leads to selective synthesis of specific ferrocenophane architectures.
  • The synthesized inda[1]ferrocenophane can undergo polymerization, opening avenues for new polymeric materials.
  • Strain in ferrocenophanes is directly correlated with structural distortion, providing insights into their reactivity.