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Related Concept Videos

Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction01:22

Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction

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Bacterial meningitis is a severe, life-threatening inflammation of the meninges, particularly the pia mater and arachnoid mater, affecting the subarachnoid space, ventricles, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). If untreated, it can lead to significant neurological complications or death.Causative AgentsCommon pathogens vary with age and immune status. In adults, major organisms include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Haemophilus influenzae. Streptococcus agalactiae (group B...
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Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:28

Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

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Introduction:For diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, a comprehensive patient history is collected to identify symptoms such as dysuria, frequent or urgent urination, flank pain, or costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness that may suggest a kidney infection.Physical ExaminationDuring the physical examination, CVA tenderness is assessed. This involves gentle percussion over the costovertebral angle, where tenderness often indicates a kidney infection.Diagnostic TestsUrinalysis: Used to identify white...
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Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction01:27

Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction

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Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the renal parenchyma and collecting system, including the renal pelvis, tubules, and interstitial tissue of one or both kidneys. It can be classified as either acute—a sudden, severe infection—or chronic, which refers to long-term or recurrent kidney infections.The primary cause of acute pyelonephritis (APN) is bacterial infection, with Escherichia coli accounting for approximately 70-80% of cases. Other bacteria, such...
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Brain Abscess l: Introduction01:26

Brain Abscess l: Introduction

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A brain abscess is a focal, intracerebral infection characterized by a localized collection of pus within the brain parenchyma, resulting from microbial invasion and the body’s inflammatory response. It progresses through stages: early and late cerebritis, followed by early and late capsule formation, reflecting tissue destruction, immune response, and eventual encapsulation.Etiology and PathogenesisCausative organisms vary with source and host factors, often involving polymicrobial...
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Viral Meningitis01:18

Viral Meningitis

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Viral meningitis is the most common form of meningitis and is often referred to as aseptic meningitis to indicate the absence of bacterial involvement. It is generally milder than bacterial meningitis, with symptoms including fever, headache, stiff neck, drowsiness, nausea, photophobia, and vomiting. Rarely, more severe manifestations or death may occur. Common causative agents include enteroviruses, particularly coxsackie A and B viruses and echoviruses, all members of the Enterovirus genus...
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Bacterial Meningitis II: Pathophysiology01:26

Bacterial Meningitis II: Pathophysiology

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Bacterial meningitis typically begins when pathogens such as Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae colonize the nasopharynx and invade the bloodstream. This process is facilitated by bacterial virulence factors, such as polysaccharide capsules, which resist phagocytosis and complement-mediated killing. Less commonly, bacteria reach the central nervous system via contiguous spread from infections like otitis media or sinusitis, through congenital or acquired dural defects, or...
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Subcutaneous Infection of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus MRSA
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Pediatric pyogenic sacroiliitis and osteomyelitis.

Sushant Srinivasan1, Carl Miller1, Nour Akhras1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.

Infectious Disease Reports
|January 29, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Pyogenic sacroiliitis, a rare septic arthritis, is challenging to diagnose but has an excellent prognosis. Early MRI and prolonged antibiotic treatment are key for managing this uncommon joint infection.

Keywords:
Staphylococcusantimicrobial therapy.rare diseaseseptic arthritis

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Pediatric Rheumatology

Background:

  • Pyogenic sacroiliitis is a rare form of septic arthritis, comprising 1-2% of cases.
  • Fewer than 200 cases have been reported in English literature since 1900.
  • Staphylococcus aureus is the most common pathogen identified in joint fluid cultures.

Observation:

  • Diagnosis can be difficult due to the rarity of pyogenic sacroiliitis and its non-specific clinical presentation.
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the most effective imaging modality for diagnosis.
  • Two pediatric cases of pyogenic sacroiliitis managed at a tertiary-care university hospital are presented.

Findings:

  • Despite diagnostic challenges, the prognosis for pyogenic sacroiliitis is generally excellent.
  • Treatment typically involves prolonged antimicrobial therapy, usually lasting six to nine weeks.
  • This case series and literature review highlight management strategies for this rare condition.

Implications:

  • Increased awareness and utilization of MRI can improve early diagnosis of pyogenic sacroiliitis.
  • Understanding treatment protocols, including prolonged antibiotic courses, is crucial for optimal patient outcomes.
  • Further research into this rare condition may refine diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.