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Decellularized scaffolds as a platform for bioengineered organs.

Luis F Tapias1, Harald C Ott

  • 1aDivision of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital bHarvard Medical School cCenter for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital dHarvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Current Opinion in Organ Transplantation
|February 1, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Organ bioengineering using decellularized scaffolds shows promise for transplantation alternatives. Challenges remain in scaling up and achieving full function for clinical use.

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Area of Science:

  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Organ Transplantation

Background:

  • End-stage organ failure presents challenges due to donor organ shortages and immunosuppression side effects.
  • Organ bioengineering using decellularized scaffolds and patient-derived cells offers a potential solution.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in organ bioengineering utilizing decellularized scaffolds.
  • To highlight the potential of this technology in addressing organ transplantation limitations.

Main Methods:

  • Perfusion-decellularization is identified as a consistent method for obtaining decellularized whole-organ scaffolds.
  • The use of decellularized scaffolds in small animal models for organ bioengineering is discussed.

Main Results:

  • Significant progress has been made in bioengineering organs using decellularized scaffolds in small animal models.
  • Current bioengineered organs exhibit rudimentary function, and techniques for manipulating pluripotent stem cell fate require further development.
  • Scaling this technology to human size is crucial for clinical relevance.

Conclusions:

  • Decellularized scaffold-based organ bioengineering represents a milestone in the search for alternatives to allogeneic organ transplantation.
  • Despite advancements, substantial challenges persist in creating fully functional, autologous organs for transplantation.