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Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
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Microbial biosensors are analytical devices that utilize living microbes to detect specific substances through measurable signals. These devices consist of two main components: biosensing organisms and signal-transducing elements. Biosensing organisms, such as Escherichia coli or Saccharomyces cerevisiae, are typically housed in multiwell plates connected to transducers, enabling rapid, real-time detection of target analytes.Signal Generation MechanismWhen a target analyte—such as...
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A proteome is the entire set of proteins that a cell type produces. We can study proteomes using the knowledge of genomes because genes code for mRNAs, and the mRNAs encode proteins. Although mRNA analysis is a step in the right direction, not all mRNAs are translated into proteins.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 3, 2026

A Data-Driven Approach to Quantifying Immune States in Sepsis
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Sepsis biomarkers: an omics perspective.

Xiao Liu1, Hui Ren, Daizhi Peng

  • 1Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.

Frontiers of Medicine
|February 1, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Early sepsis detection is crucial for survival. This review explores genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics to identify new sepsis biomarkers for improved diagnosis and treatment.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Sepsis is a leading cause of hospital mortality globally.
  • Early sepsis diagnosis is challenging, and delays impede effective treatment, increasing mortality rates.
  • Omics technologies offer high-throughput screening for sepsis biomarkers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current and emerging sepsis biomarkers across multiple omics disciplines.
  • To highlight the potential of integrating genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics for refined sepsis diagnosis.
  • To provide a reference for future research utilizing a multi-omics approach.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing and novel sepsis biomarkers.
  • Analysis of biomarkers within the context of genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics.
  • Synthesis of information on the combined utility of multi-omics data.

Main Results:

  • Various biomarkers are available through different omics approaches.
  • Combining multi-omics data shows promise for enhancing diagnostic accuracy.
  • Novel biomarkers are continuously being identified.

Conclusions:

  • Integrated multi-omics strategies are essential for advancing sepsis diagnostics.
  • Further research is needed to fully leverage multi-omics data for clinical application.
  • This review serves as a foundation for future multi-omics studies in sepsis identification.