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Related Concept Videos

Dementia l: Introduction01:22

Dementia l: Introduction

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Dementia is an acquired, progressive syndrome characterized by a decline in multiple cognitive domains severe enough to impair daily functioning and reduce independence. Although memory loss is a central feature, the diagnosis requires additional deficits involving language, executive function, visuospatial skills, judgment, calculation, or abstract reasoning. These cognitive impairments reflect underlying neurodegenerative or vascular processes that gradually disrupt neuronal networks...
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Dementia01:30

Dementia

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Dementia is a collective term for cognitive disorders primarily affecting memory, thinking, and reasoning. It is not a specific disease but a syndrome, with Alzheimer's disease being the most common cause, accounting for approximately 60-80% of cases. Other types include vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia. Dementia affects millions worldwide, particularly older adults, though it is not a normal part of aging.
The progression of dementia is generally gradual....
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Alzheimer Disease ll: Pathophysiology01:23

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Alzheimer disease involves structural changes in the brain that begin long before symptoms appear. The most distinctive features are extracellular neuritic plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles.Neuritic plaques form in the cerebral cortex and around blood vessels. These plaques contain a dense core of beta-amyloid (Aβ)—a toxic protein fragment that clumps outside neurons. The core is surrounded by damaged neuronal extensions, as well as reactive astrocytes and...
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Alzheimer Disease l: Introduction01:29

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Alzheimer disease is a chronic, progressive, and irreversible neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia in older adults. It leads to gradual neuronal loss, causing cognitive decline, behavioral changes, and loss of functional independence.Risk Factors and EtiologyThe disease is multifactorial. Age is the strongest risk factor, with prevalence doubling every 5 years after age 65. Genetic factors include mutations in genes such as APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2, which are associated...
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Parkinson Disease ll: Pathophysiology01:24

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Parkinson disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder primarily affecting movement, with additional non-motor features. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, and cellular dysfunction, including dopaminergic neuron loss, protein aggregation, and mitochondrial impairment.Selective NeurodegenerationA key feature is the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, leading to reduced...
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Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 3, 2026

Abbiategrasso Brain Bank Protocol for Collecting, Processing and Characterizing Aging Brains
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Cortical lewy body dementia.

W R Gibb1

  • 1University Department of Neurology, King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London SE5, UK.

Behavioural Neurology
|February 4, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Cortical Lewy body dementia (CLBD) involves Lewy bodies in the brain

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neuropathology
  • Dementia Studies

Background:

  • Cortical Lewy body dementia (CLBD) is characterized by Lewy body accumulation, predominantly in the cerebral cortex.
  • Alzheimer's pathology (plaques and tangles) frequently co-occurs, often driving the dementia.
  • Pure CLBD without Alzheimer's pathology is rare.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To delineate the neuropathological and clinical characteristics of cortical Lewy body dementia.
  • To understand the relationship between Lewy body distribution, Alzheimer's pathology, and clinical presentation.
  • To compare the clinical course and survival in CLBD with Parkinson's disease.

Main Methods:

  • Neuropathological examination of brain tissue to assess Lewy bodies, plaques, and tangles.

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  • Clinical assessment of cognitive and motor symptoms.
  • Analysis of patient demographics, age of onset, and survival data.

    • Main Results:

    • Lewy bodies are more abundant in the cortex in CLBD compared to Parkinson's disease.
    • Co-existing Alzheimer's pathology is common and linked to dementia onset.
    • Clinical features include aphasias, apraxias, agnosias, delusions, and hallucinations; parkinsonism may precede or follow dementia.
    • Survival is significantly shorter in CLBD than in Parkinson's disease without dementia.

    Conclusions:

    • CLBD shares neuropathological similarities with Parkinson's disease but with increased cortical Lewy bodies.
    • The presence of Alzheimer's pathology is a key factor in the dementia of many CLBD patients.
    • CLBD presents with distinct cognitive and motor features and has a poorer prognosis than Parkinson's disease.