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Temperature alters Plasmodium blocking by Wolbachia.

Courtney C Murdock1, Simon Blanford1, Grant L Hughes1

  • 1Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics and Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.

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|February 4, 2014
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The wAlbB Wolbachia strain in Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes shows variable effectiveness against malaria parasites across different temperatures. Its transmission-blocking potential is temperature-dependent, impacting parasite development and prevalence in diverse environments.

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Area of Science:

  • Vector-borne disease research
  • Microbial genetics
  • Environmental science

Background:

  • The wAlbB Wolbachia strain was recently introduced into the Asian malaria vector Anopheles stephensi, conferring refractoriness to Plasmodium falciparum.
  • Field conditions, particularly temperature, may influence the efficacy of Wolbachia-mediated malaria control strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of varying thermal environments on the transmission-blocking potential of wAlbB in Anopheles stephensi.
  • To assess the robustness of Wolbachia-induced malaria parasite refractoriness across a range of temperatures.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a rodent malaria parasite Plasmodium yoelii and somatically transinfected Anopheles stephensi as a model system.
  • Exposed infected mosquitoes to different temperature conditions (20°C, 24°C, 28°C) to evaluate parasite development.
  • Quantified malaria parasite prevalence, oocyst intensity, and sporozoite development.

Main Results:

  • wAlbB reduced malaria parasite prevalence and oocyst intensity at 28°C.
  • At 24°C, wAlbB did not affect prevalence but increased oocyst intensity, while at 20°C, no significant effects were observed.
  • A novel finding was the reduction in sporozoite development across all tested temperatures, partially mitigating oocyst enhancement at 24°C.

Conclusions:

  • Temperature significantly modulates the interaction between wAlbB Wolbachia and malaria parasites in Anopheles stephensi.
  • The effectiveness of wAlbB for malaria transmission blocking may vary considerably across different geographical and thermal environments.
  • Further research is needed to understand the complex interplay of environmental factors and Wolbachia-mediated parasite control.