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Takotsubo cardiomyopathy: a clinical review

Saddam S Abisse1, Athena Poppas2

  • 1Fellow affiliated with the Cardiovascular Institute, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI.

Rhode Island Medical Journal (2013)
|February 5, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy, a reversible heart condition, is increasingly diagnosed in acute coronary syndrome cases. This stress-induced cardiomyopathy typically resolves with supportive care, though acute complications can arise.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Internal Medicine
  • Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TTC) is increasingly recognized in acute coronary syndrome differentials.
  • It presents as reversible systolic dysfunction with regional wall motion abnormalities.
  • Often triggered by acute emotional or physical stressors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the characteristics, diagnosis, and management of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy.
  • To highlight its role in the differential diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome.
  • To discuss the proposed mechanisms and prognosis of TTC.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical presentations and diagnostic findings.
  • Analysis of echocardiographic and ventriculographic features.
  • Discussion of proposed pathophysiological mechanisms, including catecholamine excess.

Main Results:

  • TTC involves transient systolic dysfunction beyond a single coronary artery territory.
  • Apical ballooning is a classic finding, but variants exist.
  • Long-term prognosis is generally excellent, despite potential acute complications like cardiogenic shock.

Conclusions:

  • Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is a distinct entity requiring consideration in ACS.
  • Supportive treatment is the primary therapeutic approach.
  • Understanding TTC's mechanism and prognosis is crucial for patient management.

Keywords:
Apical ballooning syndrome (ABS)Stress CardiomyopathyTakotsubo cardiomyopathy (TTC)

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