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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 3, 2026

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Unconventional P-35S sequence identified in genetically modified maize.

Nisreen Al-Hmoud1, Nawar Al-Husseini2, Mohammed A Ibrahim-Alobaide2

  • 1Biosafety Unit; Royal Scientific Society; Amman, Jordan; Environment Management and Technology Postgraduate Programme; Princess Sumaya University for Technology; Amman, Jordan.

GM Crops & Food
|February 6, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers discovered a new Cauliflower Mosaic Virus 35S promoter (CaMV P-35S) variant, termed V3, in genetically modified (GM) maize sold in Jordan. This alternative sequence, found in 44% of samples, requires updated detection methods for GM food safety.

Keywords:
CaMV P-35SDNA sequence analysisGMOPCRUGMgenetic events

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Food Science

Background:

  • The Cauliflower Mosaic Virus 35S promoter (CaMV P-35S) is a common genetic marker for detecting genetically modified organisms (GMOs).
  • Standard detection methods rely on specific primer pairs to amplify the CaMV P-35S sequence in GM crops.
  • Monitoring GM maize in markets is crucial for regulatory compliance and consumer safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize an alternative CaMV P-35S sequence in GM maize marketed in Jordan.
  • To determine the incidence of this alternative sequence in GM maize samples.
  • To assess the implications of this finding for current GMO detection protocols.

Main Methods:

  • DNA extraction from GM maize samples.
  • Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) using standard CaMV P-35S primers.
  • Sequencing of amplified DNA fragments.
  • Sequence alignment analysis against known CaMV P-35S sequences and plant vectors.
  • Comparison with CaMV-infected plant samples.

Main Results:

  • An alternative CaMV P-35S sequence, designated V3 (386 bp), was detected in GM maize samples.
  • The V3 sequence was not found in wild-type maize or specific GM maize lines (MON810, MON863).
  • Sequence alignment revealed 90-99% similarity of V3 to known CaMV P-35S sequences and binary plant vectors.
  • The incidence of the V3 sequence in GM maize in Jordan increased by 44% between 2009 and 2012.
  • GM maize samples containing V3 were confirmed to be free of Cauliflower Mosaic Virus.

Conclusions:

  • A novel variant of the CaMV P-35S promoter (V3) is present in GM maize available in Jordan.
  • The increasing prevalence of the V3 sequence necessitates the update of current GMO detection strategies.
  • This finding highlights the importance of continuous monitoring and characterization of genetic elements in GM crops to ensure accurate detection and regulatory oversight.