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Breathing-controlled Electrical Stimulation BreEStim for Management of Neuropathic Pain and Spasticity
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Medical expulsive therapy.

Kyle D Wood1, Ilya Gorbachinsky1, Jorge Gutierrez1

  • 1Department of Urology, Wake Forest Baptist Health, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.

Indian Journal of Urology : IJU : Journal of the Urological Society of India
|February 6, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Medical expulsive therapy (MET) using alpha antagonists or calcium channel blockers can improve kidney stone passage rates. This evidence-based approach reduces pain, narcotic use, and hospital visits, though MET remains underutilized.

Keywords:
Kidneystonesurolithiasis

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Pharmacology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Kidney stones require diverse treatment modalities.
  • Medical expulsive therapy (MET) is one option, guided by AUA/EAU guidelines.
  • MET's effectiveness depends on patient selection and stone characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current literature on MET for kidney stone treatment.
  • To guide practitioners in appropriate MET utilization.
  • To highlight the benefits and underutilization of MET.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of medical expulsive therapy for stone disease.
  • Analysis of data on alpha antagonists and calcium channel blockers for stone expulsion.
  • Evaluation of MET's impact on colic events, pain, and healthcare utilization.

Main Results:

  • Alpha antagonists and calcium channel blockers improve stone expulsion rates.
  • Alpha antagonists demonstrate superiority over calcium channel blockers.
  • MET reduces colic events, narcotic use, hospital visits, and associated costs.

Conclusions:

  • MET is an effective treatment for select kidney stone patients.
  • Alpha antagonists are a key component of MET.
  • Increased adoption of MET could prevent unnecessary surgeries and reduce healthcare burdens.