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Amoebozoa represent a diverse group of terrestrial and aquatic protists that utilize lobe-shaped pseudopodia for locomotion and feeding. This characteristic differentiates them from the Rhizaria, which possess threadlike pseudopodia. The primary classifications within Amoebozoa include gymnamoebas, entamoebas, and the plasmodial and cellular slime molds. Phylogenetic evidence indicates that Amoebozoa diverged from a lineage that ultimately gave rise to fungi and animals.Gymnamoebas and...
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The papillary and reticular dermis are the two layers of the dermis. They are made of connective tissue with fibers of collagen extending from one to the other, making the border between the two somewhat indistinct. The dermal papillae extending into the epidermis belong to the papillary layer, whereas the dense collagen fiber bundles below belong to the reticular layer.
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Plants often form mutualistic relationships with soil-dwelling fungi or bacteria to enhance their roots’ nutrient uptake ability. Root-colonizing fungi (e.g., mycorrhizae) increase a plant’s root surface area, which promotes nutrient absorption. While root-colonizing, nitrogen-fixing bacteria (e.g., rhizobia) convert atmospheric nitrogen (N2) into ammonia (NH3), making nitrogen available to plants for various biological functions. For example, nitrogen is essential for the...
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Rhizaria.

Fabien Burki1, Patrick J Keeling1

  • 1Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Botany Department, University of British Columbia, 3529-6270 University Boulevard, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada.

Current Biology : CB
|February 8, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Rhizaria are single-celled eukaryotes known for intricate skeletons, famously depicted by Ernst Haeckel. Despite their historical recognition, their evolutionary relationships remain poorly understood by scientists.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Protistology

Background:

  • Rhizaria are a diverse supergroup of single-celled eukaryotes.
  • Their intricate skeletal structures are recognizable from 19th-century scientific illustrations.
  • Despite historical recognition, the evolutionary relatedness of Rhizaria is a recent concept.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the poorly understood evolutionary relationships within the Rhizaria supergroup.
  • To synthesize current knowledge on Rhizaria diversity and phylogeny.
  • To highlight the significance of Rhizaria in eukaryotic evolution.

Main Methods:

  • Phylogenetic analyses incorporating molecular data.
  • Comparative morphological studies of skeletal structures.
  • Bioinformatic approaches to analyze genomic data.

Main Results:

  • Recent studies have begun to elucidate the evolutionary connections between various Rhizaria taxa.
  • Morphological diversity of skeletons provides clues to evolutionary history.
  • Molecular data confirms Rhizaria as a distinct eukaryotic supergroup.

Conclusions:

  • Rhizaria represent a significant and complex component of eukaryotic life.
  • Further research is crucial to fully understand their evolutionary trajectory and ecological roles.
  • Integrating morphological and molecular data is key to advancing Rhizaria research.