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Related Concept Videos

Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect01:19

Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect

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In complexation reactions, metal atoms or cations interact with ligands to form donor-acceptor adducts called metal complexes. Ligands that bind through one donor site are monodentate, ligands with two donor sites are bidentate, and those with more than two donor sites are polydentate ligands. For example, ethylene diamine is a bidentate ligand that binds through two nitrogen donor atoms, forming a five-membered ring. EDTA is a polydentate ligand that binds through four oxygen and two nitrogen...
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Extraction: Advanced Methods00:56

Extraction: Advanced Methods

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Metal ions can be separated from one another by complexation with organic ligands–the chelating agent– to form uncharged chelates. Here, the chelating agent must contain hydrophobic groups and behave as a weak acid, losing a proton to bind with the metal. Since most organic ligands used in this process are insoluble or undergo oxidation in the aqueous phase, the chelating agent is initially added to the organic phase and extracted into the aqueous phase. The metal-ligand complex is...
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EDTA: Chemistry and Properties01:22

EDTA: Chemistry and Properties

4.1K
Polydentate ligands are most widely used in complexometric titrations because they form more stable complexes with the metal ions than mono- or bidentate ligands due to the chelate effect. Examples of polydentate ligands are ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), crown ethers, and cryptands. The most important feature of optimal polydentate ligands is the ability to form 1:1 complexes in a single-step process. Amino carboxylic acid derivatives are frequently used as complexing agents. EDTA is...
4.1K
Microbes and Other Elemental Cycles01:24

Microbes and Other Elemental Cycles

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Microbial activity plays a pivotal role in the biogeochemical cycling of iron and manganese, especially at the redox gradients characteristic of stratified aquatic environments. These cycles are driven by microbial transformations between oxidized and reduced forms of the metals, allowing organisms to exploit them for metabolic energy and structural purposes.Iron Cycling Across Redox GradientsIn neutral, oxygen-rich surface waters, iron is predominantly found in its oxidized, insoluble ferric...
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Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

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The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
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EDTA: Auxiliary Complexing Reagents01:26

EDTA: Auxiliary Complexing Reagents

1.6K
EDTA titrations are usually carried out in highly basic conditions, where the fully deprotonated form of EDTA, Y4−, actively complexes with the free metal ions in the solution. Several metal ions precipitate as hydrous oxide (hydroxides, oxides, or oxyhydroxides) under these conditions, lowering the concentration of free metal ions in the solution. For this reason, auxiliary complexing agents or ligands such as ammonia, tartrate, citrate, or triethanolamine are used in EDTA titrations to...
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Author Spotlight: Assessing the Impact of Novel Iron Chelators on Cancer Cell Metabolism
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Iron chelation: an update.

Sujit Sheth1

  • 1Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA.

Current Opinion in Hematology
|February 8, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New oral iron chelators and advanced monitoring techniques improve treatment for iron overload. These advances offer personalized therapy, reducing complications and mortality in various conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Pharmacology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Iron overload is a serious condition requiring effective management.
  • Traditional iron chelation therapy has limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in iron chelation therapy.
  • To discuss new indications and agents for iron overload.
  • To highlight emerging iron chelators in development.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on iron chelation therapy.
  • Analysis of data from recent clinical trials.
  • Discussion of advancements in noninvasive iron measurement techniques.

Main Results:

  • Two new oral iron chelators, deferasirox and deferiprone, are available and effective.
  • Combination therapy and higher doses show improved outcomes.
  • Noninvasive magnetic resonance techniques enhance iron burden monitoring.
  • Evidence supports iron chelation in myelodysplasia, pre-stem cell transplant, and malignancies.
  • New chelators are in late-stage development.

Conclusions:

  • Recent advancements mark a new era in iron chelation.
  • Personalized, tailored approaches to iron chelation are promising.
  • Improved management strategies aim to reduce morbidity and mortality.