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Aspects of the molecular-genetic profile in patients with ischemic heart disease

Natalia Caproş1, N Barbacar2, V Istrati1

  • 1Institute of Genetics and Plant Physiology, Academy of Science, Chişinau, Republic of Moldova.

Revista Medico-Chirurgicala a Societatii De Medici Si Naturalisti Din Iasi
|February 11, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Genetic markers like the ACE gene DD genotype and D allele are linked to higher risk of ischemic heart disease (IHD) and myocardial infarction. The GPIIb/IIIa A2A2 haplotype is also associated with IHD susceptibility.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Genetics
  • Molecular Cardiology
  • Ischemic Heart Disease Research

Background:

  • Ischemic heart disease (IHD) poses a significant global health burden.
  • Understanding the genetic underpinnings of IHD is crucial for risk stratification and prevention.
  • Previous studies have implicated various genetic polymorphisms in IHD susceptibility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clinical and molecular-genetic factors associated with different forms of ischemic heart disease.
  • To identify specific gene polymorphisms that may serve as risk markers for IHD.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 405 patients with acute coronary episodes.
  • Analysis of polymorphisms in candidate genes: angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), angiotensin II type 1 receptors (AT1R), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), and platelet GPIIb/IIIa receptors (PlA1/PlA2).
  • Genotyping performed using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP).

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in the frequency of the D risk allele of the ACE gene were observed between coronary patients and controls (78.65% vs. 61.24%, p < 0.05).
  • The distribution of angiotensin II type 1 receptor A1166C gene polymorphism in IHD patients was: AA genotype (25.74%), CC genotype (16.78%), and CA genotype (59.28%).

Conclusions:

  • The GPIIb/IIIa A2A2 gene haplotype is associated with increased susceptibility to IHD and a higher prevalence of dyslipidemia, especially in smokers.
  • Carriage of the DD genotype and D allele of the ACE gene are potential markers for increased risk of IHD and myocardial infarction (MI).
  • These genetic factors are also linked to elevated blood pressure.
Abstract

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