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Factors associated with gender differences in medication adherence: a longitudinal study.

Shiah-Lian Chen1, Wen-Lieng Lee2, Tienli Liang3

  • 1Department of Nursing, National Taichung University of Science and Technology, Taiwan.

Journal of Advanced Nursing
|February 11, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Male patients with hypertension show better medication adherence than females. Understanding gender-specific illness perceptions is key for improving adherence to antihypertensive medications.

Keywords:
blood pressure controlfollow-up studiesgenderhypertensionillness perceptionmedication adherencenursesnursingquestionnairessymptom

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Health Psychology
  • Longitudinal Health Studies

Background:

  • Patient illness perceptions influence adherence to treatment regimens.
  • Limited research exists on gender differences in adherence using longitudinal designs.
  • Exploring patient views on hypertension is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate gender disparities in medication adherence among hypertension patients.
  • To apply a longitudinal follow-up design to assess adherence patterns.
  • To identify gender-specific factors influencing adherence to antihypertensive medications.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal, correlational study design.
  • 118 hypertension patients recruited from Central Taiwan (2007-2009).
  • Data collected via Chinese Illness Perception Questionnaire-Revised and Medication Adherence Inventory at baseline, 6, and 12 months; analyzed using generalized estimating equations.

Main Results:

  • Male patients demonstrated higher medication adherence than female patients.
  • Systolic blood pressure and gender interaction significantly predicted adherence.
  • Gender-specific factors influencing adherence included illness perceptions, symptom beliefs, and perceived consequences.

Conclusions:

  • Adherence to antihypertensive medication is influenced by gender-specific factors.
  • Healthcare professionals must recognize these gender differences.
  • Tailored advice is essential for patients to effectively manage hypertension threats.