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Related Concept Videos

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction01:19

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Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...
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Intranetwork and internetwork functional connectivity abnormalities in pediatric multiple sclerosis.

Maria A Rocca1, Paola Valsasina, Martina Absinta

  • 1Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.

Human Brain Mapping
|February 11, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pediatric multiple sclerosis (MS) patients show widespread functional connectivity (FC) abnormalities across brain networks, impacting cognitive function. These changes are linked to white matter lesions, though inter-network connectivity remains largely intact.

Keywords:
diffusion tensor MRIdisabilitylarge-scale networkslesionspediatric multiple sclerosisresting state functional connectivity

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Radiology
  • Pediatric Neurology

Background:

  • Previous studies using active motor fMRI in pediatric multiple sclerosis (MS) revealed lateralized motor system activations and preserved functional connectivity (FC).
  • It remained unclear if this preserved FC extended beyond the motor system to other functional networks.
  • Resting-state (RS) fMRI offers an unbiased method to investigate FC abnormalities across multiple brain networks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore resting-state functional connectivity (RS FC) abnormalities within and between large-scale neuronal networks in pediatric MS patients.
  • To correlate these RS FC findings with clinical, neuropsychological, and conventional MRI measures.
  • To determine the extent of FC alterations beyond the motor system in pediatric MS.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to assess FC in 44 pediatric MS patients and 27 age-matched healthy controls.
  • Analyzed FC within and between major brain networks, including sensorimotor, visual, default-mode (DMN), executive control, and working memory (WMN) networks.
  • Correlated RS FC findings with T2 lesion volume, cognitive status, and neuropsychological test results.

Main Results:

  • Pediatric MS patients exhibited decreased FC in sensorimotor, visual, DMN, executive control, and WMN networks compared to controls.
  • Increased FC was observed in the right medial frontal gyrus (attention network), correlating with T2 lesion volume.
  • Cognitively impaired patients showed decreased RS FC in the right precuneus (left WMN); altered inter-network connectivity was also noted.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric MS patients present a distributed pattern of FC abnormalities within large-scale neuronal networks.
  • These FC alterations contribute to the cognitive status of pediatric MS patients and are partly influenced by focal white matter lesions.
  • Despite widespread abnormalities, inter-network connectivity appears relatively preserved in this cohort.