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[Tool use of objects emerge continuously.]

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Infant tool use develops continuously, not through a sudden cognitive shift. Early object exploration and motor control, explained by perception-action theory, lay the groundwork for later flexible tool use in children.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Developmental psychology
  • Cognitive science
  • Human infant behavior

Background:

  • The development of flexible object tool use in humans is debated.
  • Current theories often propose a significant cognitive leap around one year of age.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore how early infant exploratory behaviors contribute to the development of tool use.
  • To propose that perception-action theory offers insights into the continuous emergence of tool use.

Main Methods:

  • Review of behavioral and kinematic studies on infant object manipulation.
  • Analysis of how infants learn object functions through interaction with surfaces.

Main Results:

  • Infants discriminate in relating objects to surfaces.
  • Infants demonstrate improved motor control in banging actions throughout the first year.
  • Early object-surface interactions teach infants about object affordances as extensions of the hand.

Conclusions:

  • A perception-action perspective suggests a more continuous developmental trajectory for tool use.
  • Infants' early sensorimotor experiences are crucial precursors to later tool use abilities.