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    Area of Science:

    • Atmospheric Physics
    • Aeronomy
    • Geophysics

    Background:

    • The thermosphere is crucial for ionospheric electrodynamics and solar energy transfer.
    • Sparse measurements of thermospheric wind and temperature limit understanding.
    • Fabry-Perot interferometry monitoring airglow emissions is a key measurement technique.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To present a novel technique for estimating upper-atmospheric winds and temperatures.
    • To utilize CCD-captured images of Fabry-Perot fringes for parameter estimation.
    • To improve the accuracy and reliability of thermospheric measurements.

    Main Methods:

    • Estimating instrument parameters from frequency-stabilized laser fringe patterns.
    • Applying these parameters to airglow fringe patterns for wind and temperature retrieval.
    • Employing a unique model that fits all fringes simultaneously and accounts for optical defects.

    Main Results:

    • Accurate estimation of upper-atmospheric winds and temperatures.
    • Quantification of associated uncertainties in the estimated parameters.
    • Validation through Monte Carlo simulations demonstrating technique robustness.

    Conclusions:

    • The presented technique provides accurate thermospheric wind and temperature estimates.
    • Simultaneous fringe fitting and optical defect modeling enhance measurement reliability.
    • This method offers a valuable tool for advancing upper-atmospheric research.