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A Next-generation Tissue Microarray ngTMA Protocol for Biomarker Studies

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Published on: September 23, 2014

A repository for "rare" tumor markers?

Eleftherios P Diamandis

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine

|February 12, 2014

Summary

This study proposes cataloging rare cancer biomarkers to enable personalized therapy. Identifying these unique markers can guide optimal treatment selection and prognosis for specific patient subgroups.

Area of Science:

Oncology
Biomarker Discovery
Personalized Medicine

Background:

The National Cancer Institute initiated a program to identify "exceptional responders" to cancer therapies.
Personalized therapy aims to match patients with the most effective drugs based on individual response.
Current research often overlooks biomarkers effective in only a small patient fraction.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose cataloging rare cancer biomarkers, analogous to cataloging exceptional responders.
To explore the utility of these underutilized biomarkers for treatment selection, monitoring, and prognosis.
To identify molecular networks associated with these rare biomarkers in cancer.

Main Methods:

Extrapolation on the concept of cataloging "exceptional responders" to include rare biomarkers.

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Analysis of potential applications of rare biomarkers in clinical oncology.

Case illustration using kallikreins (KLK6 and KLK10) in pancreatic cancer.

Main Results:

Identified kallikreins (KLK6 and KLK10) as potential biomarkers.
Demonstrated high specificity (100%) for these kallikreins in a small subset (3%-5%) of pancreatic cancer patients.
Highlighted the potential for rare biomarkers to inform personalized treatment strategies.

Conclusions:

Cataloging rare cancer biomarkers is crucial for advancing personalized medicine.
These biomarkers can significantly improve treatment selection, patient monitoring, and prognostic assessment.
Further research into rare biomarkers may uncover novel molecular pathways in cancer development.