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Related Concept Videos

Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction01:25

Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction

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Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) arises when the kidneys progressively lose their ability to function, ultimately leading to end-stage renal disease. At this advanced stage, the kidneys can no longer filter waste or maintain essential body functions, requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) through dialysis or a kidney transplant for survival.Early-stage chronic kidney disease and detection challengesIn CKD's early stages, symptoms often remain absent because healthy nephrons compensate for...
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Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy01:29

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Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...
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Chronic Kidney Disease IV: Nursing Management01:18

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Nursing management is essential for preventing complications, maintaining stability, and improving patients' quality of life in chronic kidney disease (CKD). By using a structured approach, nurses help slow CKD progression and support effective patient care​.1. Comprehensive patient assessmentEffective management begins with nurses reviewing the patient’s medical history, and identifying key risk factors like diabetes, hypertension, and nephrotoxic drug use. Nurses assess signs of...
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Longitudinal Studies01:26

Longitudinal Studies

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Longitudinal studies are also widely used in other medical and social science fields. For instance, in cardiovascular research, they can monitor patients' health over decades to identify risk factors for heart disease, such as high cholesterol or smoking, and evaluate the long-term effectiveness of preventive measures. Similarly, in mental health studies, researchers might follow individuals from adolescence into adulthood to understand the development and progression of conditions like...
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Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests

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Mitral stenosis is a heart condition in which the mitral valve, which allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, becomes narrowed or stenotic. This narrowing hinders blood flow and leads to clinical symptoms requiring specific medical evaluations and management strategies. The following overview outlines the clinical symptoms, assessments, diagnostic findings, prevention methods, and treatments for mitral stenosis.Clinical ManifestationsDyspnea (shortness of breath): This...
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Dilated cardiomyopathy, or DCM, is a progressive myocardial disorder characterized by ventricular chamber dilation and contractile dysfunction.EtiologyVarious factors can cause DCM, including hypertension and heavy alcohol intake, which contribute to the weakening and enlargement of the heart muscle. Viral infections, such as Coxsackievirus B, adenoviruses, and influenza, can lead to DCM by causing inflammation and damage to heart tissue. Certain chemotherapeutic agents, including daunorubicin,...
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Assessment of Cardiac Morphological and Functional Changes in Mouse Model of Transverse Aortic Constriction by Echocardiographic Imaging
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Longitudinal changes of cardiac structure and function in CKD (CASCADE study).

Qi-Zhe Cai1, Xiu-Zhang Lu2, Ye Lu3

  • 1Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; and Department of Echocardiography, Cardiovascular Institute and Fu Wai Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN
|February 15, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) is linked to worsening heart structure and function over time. Early detection and management are crucial for preserving cardiac health in CKD patients.

Keywords:
chronic kidney diseaseechocardiographyheart diseaseleft ventricular hypertrophy

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cardiology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Natural longitudinal changes in cardiac structure and function in chronic kidney disease (CKD) are not well understood.
  • CKD is a progressive condition that can significantly impact cardiovascular health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between baseline CKD stage and progressive changes in cardiac structure and function.
  • To identify longitudinal cardiac alterations in patients with stages 3-5 CKD.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective longitudinal study of 300 patients with stages 3-5 CKD.
  • Echocardiography and tissue Doppler imaging were used to assess cardiac parameters over 1 year.
  • Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was monitored to track CKD progression.

Main Results:

  • Prevalence of left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy increased from 40.3% to 48.9% over 1 year.
  • Significant increases in left atrial volume index and declines in mitral annular velocities were observed.
  • Stages 4 and 5 CKD were associated with greater baseline cardiac abnormalities and predicted increased LV mass, volume, and diastolic dysfunction progression compared to stage 3a.

Conclusions:

  • More advanced CKD at baseline is associated with significant longitudinal increases in LV mass and volume.
  • Advanced CKD predicts greater deterioration in diastolic function over time.
  • These findings highlight the substantial cardiovascular impact of progressive CKD.