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Efficient Regeneration-based Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation of an Asexual Amphibious Brassicaceae Species, Rorippa aquatica

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Extreme flooding tolerance in Rorippa.

Melis Akman¹, Amit Bhikharie², Angelika Mustroph³

¹Department of Plant Sciences; University of California; Davis, CA USA.

Plant Signaling & Behavior

|February 15, 2014

Summary

Flooded Rorippa plants survive by altering energy use. R. sylvestris enhances tolerance genes, while R. amphibia increases energy-demanding glycolysis, potentially leading to faster starvation during submergence.

Keywords:

Arabidopsis Rorippa fermentation flooding tolerance hypoxia root submergence

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Area of Science:

Plant biology
Molecular ecology
Environmental stress physiology

Background:

Flooding creates low oxygen stress, a major factor in plant evolution.
Plants in flood-prone areas develop diverse adaptations to survive submergence.
Two Rorippa species, R. sylvestris and R. amphibia, exhibit distinct submergence tolerance strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the molecular mechanisms behind submergence tolerance in Rorippa species.
To compare gene expression changes in R. sylvestris and R. amphibia under flooding.
To identify key genetic differences contributing to flooding survival between Rorippa and Arabidopsis.

Main Methods:

Transcriptomic analysis of flooded Rorippa roots.
Gene expression profiling under submergence conditions.
Comparative analysis with the relatively intolerant species Arabidopsis.

Main Results:

R. amphibia showed higher induction of glycolysis and fermentation genes, suggesting increased energy demand and potential starvation.
R. sylvestris exhibited induction of genes related to submergence tolerance, enhancing survival.
Both Rorippa species uniquely induced inorganic pyrophosphate-dependent genes, offering an alternative to ATP-intensive pathways for energy conservation.

Conclusions:

Rorippa species employ distinct molecular strategies to cope with submergence.
Energy conservation through alternative metabolic pathways is crucial for flooding survival in Rorippa.
These findings explain the differential survival rates observed between Rorippa and Arabidopsis under flood conditions.