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Appetite and growth: a longitudinal sibling analysis.

Cornelia H M van Jaarsveld1, David Boniface2, Clare H Llewellyn2

  • 1Health Behaviour Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, England2Division of Health and Social Care Research, King's College London, London, England.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Infant appetite, specifically higher food responsiveness (FR) and lower satiety responsiveness (SR), predicts faster childhood growth. This suggests appetite is a key factor in weight gain and a potential target for obesity prevention.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric growth and development
  • Obesity research
  • Behavioral science

Background:

  • Identifying early obesity risk factors is crucial for targeted interventions.
  • Previous studies linked infant appetite to rapid weight gain, but familial confounding remained a challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if sibling differences in infant appetite predict differential childhood weight gain using a twin study.
  • To assess the causal role of appetite in early childhood weight gain.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Gemini twin cohort (UK population, born 2007).
  • Analyzed growth trajectories from birth to 15 months in same-sex dizygotic twin pairs discordant for appetite.
  • Assessed infant appetite using food responsiveness (FR) and satiety responsiveness (SR) subscales (Baby Eating Behaviour Questionnaire) in the first 3 months.

Main Results:

  • 172 pairs discordant for SR and 121 for FR were analyzed.
  • Higher FR and lower SR in infancy were associated with faster growth compared to siblings.
  • At 15 months, infants with higher FR were 991g heavier, and those with lower SR were 918g heavier than their siblings.

Conclusions:

  • Infant appetite (higher FR, lower SR) is prospectively linked to accelerated growth, controlling for familial factors.
  • Appetite appears to play a causal role in childhood weight gain.
  • Infant appetite may serve as an early marker for obesity risk in obesogenic environments and a target for interventions.