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Related Concept Videos

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

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In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
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Accessory Structures of the Skin: Sweat Glands01:20

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Sweat glands or sudoriferous glands are one of the important accessory structures of the skin. They are small, coiled tubular structures located in the dermis, the middle layer of the skin. Sweat glands are responsible for producing and secreting sweat, a watery fluid that helps regulate body temperature and excrete waste products.
Sweat glands are classified as merocrine glands; that is, the secretions are excreted by exocytosis through a duct without affecting the cells of the gland. There...
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Diabetes Insipidus I: Introduction01:29

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Definition Diabetes insipidus is a disorder marked by the production of large amounts of dilute urine because of impaired vasopressin production, release, or kidney response. The lack of effective vasopressin action limits water reabsorption in the renal collecting ducts, which leads to excessive urinary water loss and intense thirst.Clinical PresentationIndividuals with diabetes insipidus report persistent thirst and very high urine output. In severe cases, fluid intake can reach up to 20...
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Diabetes Insipidus II: Pathophysiology01:22

Diabetes Insipidus II: Pathophysiology

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Normally, water balance is maintained through three interconnected mechanisms: the hypothalamic thirst center, the synthesis and release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH, or vasopressin), and the kidneys' responsiveness to this hormone. ADH is synthesized in the hypothalamus, released from the posterior pituitary, and acts on the distal nephron, allowing water reabsorption and concentrated urine production.Diabetes Insipidus and Its TypesIn diabetes insipidus (DI), this regulatory system is...
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Drug Dosing: Infants and Children01:29

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Pediatric patient dosages diverge from adults due to disparities in body surface area, total body water, and extracellular fluid per kilogram of body weight. The dosing regimen considers the variations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacology across distinct age groups, encompassing preterm newborns, infants, young children, older children, and adolescents. Calculation of pediatric patient doses is predicated on determining body surface area, which exhibits a superior correlation with the child's...
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Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism01:24

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In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses...
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A Detailed Protocol for Perspiration Monitoring Using a Novel, Small, Wireless Device
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Update on pediatric hyperhidrosis.

Jennifer R S Gordon1, Samantha E Hill

  • 1Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Southwestern Austin, Austin, Texas.

Dermatologic Therapy
|February 21, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pediatric hyperhidrosis, or excessive sweating in children, significantly impacts quality of life. Treatments range from topical agents to medications, tailored to individual patient needs.

Keywords:
aluminum chloridebotulinum toxinglycopyrrolatehyperhidrosisiontophoresissweating

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Hyperhidrosis is a prevalent yet often overlooked condition in children.
  • It significantly diminishes the quality of life for affected pediatric patients.
  • Hyperhidrosis presents in focal or generalized forms and can be idiopathic or secondary.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the characteristics and management of pediatric hyperhidrosis.
  • To highlight the impact of hyperhidrosis on children's well-being.
  • To outline current treatment strategies for pediatric excessive sweating.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of pediatric hyperhidrosis.
  • Analysis of idiopathic and secondary hyperhidrosis in children.
  • Overview of treatment modalities for excessive sweating.

Main Results:

  • Pediatric hyperhidrosis is common and affects quality of life.
  • Various treatment options are available, including topical preparations, iontophoresis, botulinum toxin, and anticholinergic medications.
  • Treatment plans are individualized based on patient-specific factors.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of pediatric hyperhidrosis requires a tailored approach.
  • Early recognition and intervention can improve outcomes for children with excessive sweating.
  • A range of therapeutic options exists to address the challenges of pediatric hyperhidrosis.