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Updated: May 2, 2026

Fabrication of Gate-tunable Graphene Devices for Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Studies with Coulomb Impurities

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Published on: July 24, 2015

Spatial modulation spectroscopy of graphene sheets.

Nicolas Havard¹, Zhongming Li², Vaishnav Murthy²

¹Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 15 Parvis René Descartes, 69342 Lyon Cedex 07, France.

The Journal of Chemical Physics

|February 25, 2014

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Spatial modulation spectroscopy effectively analyzes two-dimensional graphene materials. This study validates its use on multi-layer graphene and identifies features in single-layer graphene, like holes and potential multilayer regions.

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Advanced Experimental Methods for Low-temperature Magnetotransport Measurement of Novel Materials

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Published on: January 21, 2016

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Condensed Matter Physics
Nanotechnology

Background:

Graphene, a single layer of carbon atoms, exhibits unique electronic and optical properties.
Characterizing graphene's structural integrity and layer count is crucial for its applications.
Reflectivity contrast and spatial modulation spectroscopy are advanced optical techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the efficacy of spatial modulation spectroscopy for analyzing graphene samples.
To investigate multi-layer graphene flakes and single-layer graphene on glass.
To identify and characterize defects and variations within graphene films.

Main Methods:

Utilizing reflectivity contrast measurements.
Employing spatial modulation spectroscopy.
Applying a thin film reflectivity model to analyze hole signals.

Main Results:

Spatial modulation spectroscopy measurements showed good agreement with reflectivity contrast for multi-layer graphene.
Features in single-layer graphene indicated regions of increased reflectivity (multilayer graphene or polymer) and decreased reflectivity (holes).
Analysis of holes revealed size-dependent signals, with some exhibiting unexpectedly large signals.

Conclusions:

Spatial modulation spectroscopy is a validated technique for two-dimensional graphene samples.
Observed anomalies in single-layer graphene signals suggest the presence of multilayer regions or optical resonance effects within holes.
The study provides insights into graphene film quality assessment and defect characterization.