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Related Concept Videos

Ankle Joint01:10

Ankle Joint

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The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...
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Muscles of the Leg that Move the Foot and Toes01:28

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The human leg comprises an intricate system of muscles that facilitate the movement of feet and toes. Within this system, the muscles are categorized into the anterior, lateral, and posterior compartments, each with a unique set of muscles carrying out specific functions.
Anterior Compartment
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The tibia is the main weight-bearing bone of the lower leg. It is larger than the fibula with which it is paired. The tibia is also the second longest bone in the body and is located right below the skin. The proximal end of the tibia forms the medial and the lateral condyle, which articulates with the condyles of the femur to form the knee joint. Between the articulating surfaces is the irregular elevated area known as the intercondylar eminence that serves as the inferior attachment point for...
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Diabetic Foot Ulcer01:31

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Definition A diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a chronic, non-healing wound that develops in individuals with diabetes. It typically occurs on pressure-bearing areas such as the heel, metatarsal heads, or hallux, and carries a high risk of infection and amputation.Pathophysiology • The development of DFUs can be explained by four interconnected mechanisms: neuropathy, ischemia, infection, and impaired wound healing. • Neuropathy is the most common factor. Sensory...
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Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella01:16

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The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the...
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Pulse assessment sites are crucial in evaluating a patient's cardiovascular health. By assessing the pulsations of arteries at specific anatomical locations, healthcare professionals can gather valuable information about blood flow, heart rate, and peripheral circulation. Understanding these pulse assessment sites is essential for conducting comprehensive cardiovascular evaluations and monitoring patients' overall health. These sites are strategically chosen due to the accessibility and...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 2, 2026

Evaluating the Function of the Foot Core System in the Elderly
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The cavus foot.

Andrew J Rosenbaum1, Jordan Lisella1, Nilay Patel1

  • 1Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY 12208, USA.

The Medical Clinics of North America
|February 25, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A cavus foot, or high-arched foot, results from muscle imbalance and can be treated conservatively first. Surgery is reserved for severe cases to correct muscle imbalance and foot deformity.

Keywords:
Cavovarus footCavus footCharcot-Marie-Tooth diseaseColeman block testingMeary’s angleTriple arthrodesis“Peek-a-boo” sign

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Neurology
  • Podiatry

Background:

  • Cavus foot, characterized by a high arch, can arise in childhood or adulthood due to muscle imbalances.
  • Potential causes include neurological disorders, trauma, idiopathic factors, and residual clubfoot.
  • Accurate diagnosis relies on comprehensive patient history and physical examination.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the etiology and management of adult cavus foot deformity.
  • To emphasize the importance of identifying underlying causes for effective treatment.
  • To detail conservative and surgical treatment options for cavus foot.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical presentation and diagnostic approaches for cavus foot.
  • Analysis of conservative treatment strategies.
  • Evaluation of surgical interventions for refractory cavus foot.

Main Results:

  • Muscle imbalance is the primary driver of cavus foot deformity.
  • Conservative treatments are the initial approach.
  • Surgical options like tendon transfers, osteotomies, and fusions are effective for severe, persistent cases.

Conclusions:

  • Cavus foot requires a thorough diagnostic evaluation to determine the underlying cause.
  • A stepwise treatment approach, starting with conservative methods, is recommended.
  • Surgical correction effectively addresses muscle imbalance and foot deformity in severe cavus foot cases.