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Related Experiment Videos

Thermodynamic aspects of cell spreading on solid substrata.

J M Schakenraad1, H J Busscher, C R Wildevuur

  • 1Centre for Medical Elektron Microscopy, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.

Cell Biophysics
|August 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary

Substratum surface free energy predicts cell spreading in vitro. This thermodynamic approach explains cell behavior on different surfaces, though exceptions exist for certain cell types without serum proteins.

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Cell Biology
  • Surface Science

Background:

  • Cell behavior, specifically cell spreading on solid surfaces, is crucial in biological processes.
  • Thermodynamic principles are increasingly explored for predicting cellular responses.
  • Understanding the interplay between surface energy and cell adhesion is key.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To validate thermodynamic models for predicting cell spreading in vitro.
  • To investigate the influence of substratum surface free energy on cell adhesion.
  • To determine the role of serum proteins in mediating cell-surface interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Measured surface free energies of various solid substrata and three cell types (fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells, HeLa cells) using contact angle analysis.

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  • Developed a technique for determining cell surface free energies from dried cell multilayers.
  • Assessed cell spreading on different substrata in media with and without serum proteins.

    • Main Results:

    • Cell spreading was poor on low surface energy substrata (<50 erg cm⁻²) and good on high energy substrata.
    • Cell surface free energies converged to approximately 74 erg cm⁻² after serum protein adsorption.
    • Interfacial free energy of adhesion correlated inversely with substratum surface energy, predicting spreading behavior.

    Conclusions:

    • Substratum surface free energy is a significant predictive factor for cell spreading in vitro.
    • Thermodynamic calculations successfully explain cell spreading on various surfaces, especially with serum proteins present.
    • Deviations in thermodynamic predictions for fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells in serum-free conditions may be due to high cell surface charges.