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Informed public choices for low-carbon electricity portfolios using a computer decision tool
Lauren A Fleishman Mayer1, Wändi Bruine de Bruin, M Granger Morgan
1RAND Corporation, 4570 Fifth Avenue, Suite 600, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States.
Environmental Science & Technology
|February 26, 2014
Summary
Developing an interactive computer tool helped nonexperts understand trade-offs between low-carbon electricity technologies. This tool supports informed decision-making for achieving a low-carbon energy future by presenting data on CO2 emissions, costs, and environmental impacts.
Area of Science:
- Environmental science
- Energy policy
- Human-computer interaction
Background:
- Reducing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions is crucial for the electricity sector.
- Public discourse and citizen understanding of low-carbon electricity technologies are vital for effective policy development.
- Previous studies used paper-and-pencil methods to explore public understanding of energy trade-offs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and evaluate an interactive computer tool designed to help nonexperts make informed decisions about low-carbon electricity generation technologies.
- To assess the usability and effectiveness of the tool in presenting comparative information on electricity technologies and their impacts.
Main Methods:
- Developed an interactive computer tool presenting information on 10 electricity technologies.
- Conducted a usability study where participants designed low-carbon electricity portfolios using the tool.
- Constrained portfolio designs for realism and low CO2 emissions, with real-time updates on CO2, cost, and environmental impacts.
Main Results:
- Most participants designed diverse portfolios including energy efficiency, nuclear, coal with carbon capture and sequestration, natural gas, and wind.
- Participants demonstrated understanding of the tool and used it consistently.
- The tool successfully updated information on projected CO2 emissions, electricity costs, and environmental impacts as portfolios were modified.
Conclusions:
- The interactive computer tool is a viable method for educating nonexperts on the complexities of low-carbon energy futures.
- The tool facilitates informed decision-making and engagement in public discourse regarding electricity generation technologies.
- The tool is available for download to support public understanding of energy challenges.
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