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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
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siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs02:30

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Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
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Classification of Systems-II01:31

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Continuous-time systems have continuous input and output signals, with time measured continuously. These systems are generally defined by differential or algebraic equations. For instance, in an RC circuit, the relationship between input and output voltage is expressed through a differential equation derived from Ohm's law and the capacitor relation,
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A novel two-layer SVM model in miRNA Drosha processing site detection.

Xingchi Hu, Chuang Ma, Yanhong Zhou

    BMC Systems Biology
    |February 26, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary

    A new computational method, DroshaPSP, accurately predicts microRNA (miRNA) processing sites. This tool enhances miRNA identification and understanding of Drosha enzyme mechanisms.

    Area of Science:

    • Molecular Biology
    • Bioinformatics
    • Genomics

    Background:

    • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are crucial non-coding RNAs found across diverse organisms.
    • The enzyme Drosha, an RNase III member, is essential for initiating miRNA processing and determining mature miRNA forms.
    • Identifying Drosha processing sites is key to understanding miRNA biogenesis and identification.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and validate a computational method for predicting Drosha processing sites.
    • To improve the accuracy of identifying miRNA precursor structures recognized by Drosha.
    • To contribute to a deeper understanding of the Drosha-mediated miRNA maturation pathway.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of DroshaPSP, a computational tool utilizing a two-layer mathematical model.

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  • Integration of structural and sequence features within the predictive model.
  • Performance evaluation using 5-fold cross-validation and key metrics like accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, precision, and Matthews correlation coefficient.

    • Main Results:

    • DroshaPSP demonstrated high predictive performance on Drosophila melanogaster miRNA data.
    • Achieved a sensitivity (Sn) of 0.86, specificity (Sp) of 0.99, and Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) of 0.86.
    • The method effectively distinguishes true Drosha processing sites from similar sequences.

    Conclusions:

    • Shannon entropy, a chemical kinetics feature, significantly improves Drosha processing site prediction.
    • The developed computational method enhances the understanding of Drosha enzyme function.
    • DroshaPSP offers a valuable tool for miRNA research and bioinformatics.