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Related Experiment Videos

Elastase/antielastase systems in pulmonary diseases.

S Umeki1, Y Niki, R Soejima

  • 1Department of Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan.

The American Journal of the Medical Sciences
|August 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary

Serum elastase 1 levels are elevated in various respiratory diseases like emphysema and asthma, but not lung cancer. This suggests an imbalance in the lung

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Serum elastase 1 is an enzyme implicated in lung tissue degradation.
  • An imbalance in the elastase/antielastase system is a known factor in respiratory diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate serum elastase 1 levels in patients with various respiratory conditions.
  • To compare these levels with those of age-matched healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • Serum samples were collected from patients diagnosed with pulmonary emphysema, pulmonary fibrosis, bronchial asthma, pneumonia, pulmonary tuberculosis, and lung cancer.
  • Serum elastase 1, alpha 1-antitrypsin, and alpha 2-macroglobulin levels were measured.
  • Levels were compared against an age-matched control group.

Main Results:

  • Serum elastase 1 levels were significantly elevated in patients with pulmonary emphysema, pulmonary fibrosis, bronchial asthma, and pulmonary infections (pneumonia, tuberculosis).
  • Lung cancer patients showed serum elastase 1 levels within the normal range.
  • Alpha 1-antitrypsin levels were elevated in pulmonary infections and lung cancer, but normal in emphysema, fibrosis, and asthma.
  • Alpha 2-macroglobulin levels showed slight increases in pulmonary emphysema and pneumonia.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated serum elastase 1 in several respiratory diseases points to a disruption of the elastase/antielastase system.
  • The findings differentiate lung cancer from other inflammatory and obstructive lung diseases based on serum elastase 1 levels.
  • Further research into the elastase/antielastase system could offer new diagnostic or therapeutic targets for respiratory conditions.

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