Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Combinatorial Gene Control02:33

Combinatorial Gene Control

8.6K
Combinatorial gene control is the synergistic action of several transcriptional factors to regulate the expression of a single gene. The absence of one or more of these factors may lead to a significant difference in the level of gene expression or repression.
The expression of more than 30,000 genes is controlled by approximately 2000-3000 transcription factors. This is possible because a single transcription factor can recognize more than one regulatory sequence. The specificity in gene...
8.6K
Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

1.4K
The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
1.4K
Constitutive and Regulated Gene Expression01:27

Constitutive and Regulated Gene Expression

1.9K
Gene expression in prokaryotes is governed by constitutive and regulated systems, allowing cells to balance the production of essential proteins with adaptive responses to environmental changes.Constitutive Gene ExpressionConstitutive, or housekeeping, genes are continuously expressed as they encode proteins vital for fundamental cellular processes. These include enzymes for glycolysis, ribosomal components for protein synthesis, and proteins involved in DNA replication. Their constant...
1.9K
Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

20.2K
Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
20.2K
Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

3.1K
3.1K
Cis-regulatory Sequences02:02

Cis-regulatory Sequences

9.5K
Cis-regulatory sequences are short fragments of non-coding DNA that are present on the same chromosomes as the genes that they regulate. These fragments serve as binding sites for transcriptional regulators, proteins that are responsible for controlling gene transcription and differential gene expression across cell types in eukaryotes. Cis-regulatory sequences can be close to the gene of interest or thousands of bases away in the DNA sequence; however, those sequences that are further away are...
9.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

R2Dtool: integration and visualization of isoform-resolved RNA features.

Bioinformatics (Oxford, England)·2024
Same author

Immunochemical Analysis of Arylsulfatase Accumulation in Sea Urchin Embryos: (extracellular matrix/arylsulfatase/sea urchin embryo/tissue-specific gene products/sea urchin embryo/in situ hybridization).

Development, growth & differentiation·2023
Same author

VEB4: Early zygotic mRNA expressed asymmetrically along the animal-vegetal axis of the sea urchin embryo.

Development, growth & differentiation·2023
Same author

Characterization and expression analysis of Galnts in developing Strongylocentrotus purpuratus embryos.

PloS one·2017
Same author

Neurogenic gene regulatory pathways in the sea urchin embryo.

Development (Cambridge, England)·2015
Same author

Editorial-sea urchin special issue.

Genesis (New York, N.Y. : 2000)·2014
Same journal

Nanotechnology-Stem Cell Strategies in 3D Glioblastoma Organoid: Targeting Glioma Stem Cells Within a Complex Tumor Microenvironment.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026
Same journal

Mapping the 3D Chromosome Organization of a Biosynthetic Gene Cluster by Capture Hi-C (CHi-C).

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026
Same journal

Mapping the 3D Chromosome Organization of Streptomyces by Hi-C.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026
Same journal

CUT&Tag Epigenomic Profiling of Biosynthetic Gene Clusters in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026
Same journal

Rhizobium rhizogenes-Mediated Hairy Root Transformation Protocol for Lotus japonicus and Other Legumes.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026
Same journal

Characterization of Bioactive Saponins from Sea Cucumbers.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 2, 2026

Cell Lineage Analyses and Gene Function Studies Using Twin-spot MARCM
06:30

Cell Lineage Analyses and Gene Function Studies Using Twin-spot MARCM

Published on: March 2, 2017

9.4K

Multicolor labeling in developmental gene regulatory network analysis.

Aditya J Sethi1, Robert C Angerer, Lynne M Angerer

  • 1National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|February 26, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sea urchin embryos are key for studying gene regulatory networks (GRNs). This work details multicolor fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) methods for mapping gene expression in developing sea urchins.

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Emerging Technologies and Advanced Tools for Decoding Metabolomics Data Analysis
07:11

Author Spotlight: Emerging Technologies and Advanced Tools for Decoding Metabolomics Data Analysis

Published on: November 10, 2023

3.1K
Inherent Dynamics Visualizer, an Interactive Application for Evaluating and Visualizing Outputs from a Gene Regulatory Network Inference Pipeline
10:44

Inherent Dynamics Visualizer, an Interactive Application for Evaluating and Visualizing Outputs from a Gene Regulatory Network Inference Pipeline

Published on: December 7, 2021

1.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 2, 2026

Cell Lineage Analyses and Gene Function Studies Using Twin-spot MARCM
06:30

Cell Lineage Analyses and Gene Function Studies Using Twin-spot MARCM

Published on: March 2, 2017

9.4K
Author Spotlight: Emerging Technologies and Advanced Tools for Decoding Metabolomics Data Analysis
07:11

Author Spotlight: Emerging Technologies and Advanced Tools for Decoding Metabolomics Data Analysis

Published on: November 10, 2023

3.1K
Inherent Dynamics Visualizer, an Interactive Application for Evaluating and Visualizing Outputs from a Gene Regulatory Network Inference Pipeline
10:44

Inherent Dynamics Visualizer, an Interactive Application for Evaluating and Visualizing Outputs from a Gene Regulatory Network Inference Pipeline

Published on: December 7, 2021

1.7K

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • The sea urchin embryo serves as a crucial model organism for dissecting developmental gene regulatory networks (GRNs).
  • Understanding the spatial and temporal dynamics of gene expression is fundamental to elucidating developmental processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe advanced multicolor fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) techniques for sea urchin embryonic GRN analysis.
  • To present a combined FISH and immunohistochemistry protocol for high-resolution spatial mapping of multiple gene products.

Main Methods:

  • Multicolor fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) applied to sea urchin embryos.
  • Integration of FISH with immunohistochemistry for simultaneous detection of RNA and proteins.
  • High-resolution imaging and spatial analysis of molecular markers during development.

Main Results:

  • Demonstration of the utility of multicolor FISH for visualizing multiple transcripts in the sea urchin embryo.
  • Successful application of combined FISH and immunohistochemistry to identify co-localized gene products.
  • Establishment of robust protocols for spatial GRN construction in a marine invertebrate model.

Conclusions:

  • Multicolor FISH and combined FISH-immunohistochemistry are powerful tools for sea urchin developmental GRN studies.
  • These methods provide essential spatial resolution for mapping gene interactions during embryogenesis.
  • The described techniques are adaptable for diverse research scenarios requiring precise localization of multiple biomolecules.