From maximally to minimally invasive surgery for sinus floor augmentation

Area of Science:

• Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
• Dental Implantology
• Periodontology

Background:

• Dental implant placement in the posterior maxilla often necessitates maxillary sinus floor elevation.
• Traditional lateral window sinus augmentation is a major surgical procedure.
• Minimally invasive crestal approaches have emerged, reducing complications but requiring advanced skills.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the historical progression of maxillary sinus augmentation techniques.
• To compare the advantages and disadvantages of different surgical approaches.
• To provide insights into the evolution towards minimally invasive sinus lift procedures.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of surgical techniques for maxillary sinus augmentation.
• Analysis of historical development from open to closed approaches.
• Discussion of complication rates and skill requirements for each method.

Main Results:

• The lateral window technique, while effective, involves significant surgical invasiveness.
• Crestal approaches offer reduced morbidity and fewer complications.
• Minimally invasive techniques demand specialized microsurgical expertise.

Conclusions:

• Maxillary sinus augmentation has transitioned towards less invasive methods.
• The choice of technique depends on clinical factors and surgeon expertise.
• Continued evolution aims to optimize safety and efficacy in dental implantology.