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Bacterial meningitis in adults in Iceland, 1995-2010

Asgerður Thornórðardóttir1, Helga Erlendsdóttir, Bryndís Sigurðardóttir

  • 1From the Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland , Reykjavik , Iceland.

Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases
|February 27, 2014
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Bacterial meningitis incidence decreased in Iceland after meningococcal C vaccination, but mortality rates remained high. Further prevention strategies are needed for this serious infection.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Bacterial meningitis poses a significant threat, with adult mortality rates ranging from 15-20%.
  • A population-based study in Iceland investigated bacterial meningitis trends from 1995-2010.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the incidence and outcomes of bacterial meningitis in Icelandic adults.
  • To evaluate the impact of routine childhood vaccination against serogroup C meningococci on disease trends.

Main Methods:

  • Case identification via cerebrospinal fluid cultures and ICD codes.
  • Review of medical charts and national population registry data.
  • Study period divided to compare pre- and post-vaccination eras (2002).

Main Results:

  • 111 episodes of bacterial meningitis occurred; Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae were most common.
  • Overall incidence declined significantly post-vaccination, primarily due to reduced N. meningitidis cases.
  • The classical symptom triad was present in only 30% of patients; case fatality rates remained stable.

Conclusions:

  • Meningococcal C vaccination led to a decrease in bacterial meningitis incidence.
  • Despite reduced incidence, the case fatality rate for bacterial meningitis did not significantly change.

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