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Lithium toxicity and PRES: a novel association
Ryan T Fitzgerald1, Caris T Fitzgerald, Rohan S Samant
1University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology Division, Little Rock, AR.
Summary
This study details two cases of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) linked to high lithium levels. It suggests lithium toxicity may trigger PRES, offering new insights into this neurological condition.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Toxicology
- Nephrology
Background:
- Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a neurological condition characterized by vasogenic edema.
- Lithium is a mood stabilizer commonly used in treating bipolar disorder.
- Lithium toxicity can cause various neurological symptoms, but a link to PRES has not been previously established.
Observation:
- Two patients presented with PRES.
- Both patients had supra-therapeutic serum lithium levels at the time of PRES onset.
- The PRES symptoms resolved after lithium levels were reduced.
Findings:
- This report is the first to describe posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) in association with lithium toxicity.
- The findings suggest a potential causal link between excessive lithium exposure and the development of PRES.
- The study explores potential pathophysiological mechanisms connecting lithium and PRES.
Implications:
- This research highlights the importance of monitoring lithium levels to prevent potential PRES development.
- It expands the spectrum of known neurological complications associated with lithium toxicity.
- Further investigation is warranted to elucidate the precise mechanisms linking lithium and PRES.
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