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Osteogenic differentiation on DLC-PDMS-h surface.

Antti Soininen1, Emilia Kaivosoja, Tarvo Sillat

  • 1ORTON Research Institute, Helsinki, Finland; ORTON Orthopedic Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.

Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. Part B, Applied Biomaterials
|February 28, 2014
PubMed
Summary

The novel anti-fouling diamond-like carbon polydimethylsiloxane hybrid (DLC-PDMS-h) surface hinders cell adhesion and osteogenesis in human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSC). This poor cell integration suggests DLC-PDMS-h is suitable for temporary implants.

Keywords:
biocompatibilitycell adhesioncell differentiationosteogenesisstem cells

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Cell Biology
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Cell adhesion and extracellular matrix interactions are crucial for osteogenesis.
  • Diamond-like carbon (DLC) and its hybrid variants are explored for biomedical applications.
  • Understanding surface effects on cell behavior is key for implant design.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the anti-fouling properties of a DLC-PDMS-h surface.
  • To assess the impact of DLC-PDMS-h on human mesenchymal stromal cell (hMSC) adhesion, cytoskeletal organization, and osteogenesis.
  • To compare DLC-PDMS-h with plain DLC and titanium (Ti) surfaces.

Main Methods:

  • Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for cell morphology and adherence.
  • Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) for protein adsorption.
  • Immunofluorescence staining for cytoskeletal and focal adhesion analysis.
  • Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) for osteogenic gene expression.
  • Hydroxyapatite (HA) staining to assess mineralization.

Main Results:

  • DLC-PDMS-h significantly impaired early hMSC adhesion and spreading compared to DLC and Ti.
  • Cells on DLC-PDMS-h exhibited poor cytoskeletal organization and reduced focal adhesions.
  • Osteogenic gene expression and hydroxyapatite deposition were delayed or failed on DLC-PDMS-h.
  • Poor cell-matrix interactions and anoikis-type apoptosis were observed on the hybrid surface.

Conclusions:

  • The anti-fouling DLC-PDMS-h surface acts as a poor substrate for cell adhesion and osteogenesis.
  • Impaired cell-matrix interactions and anoikis contribute to failed osteogenesis on DLC-PDMS-h.
  • DLC-PDMS-h may be suitable for temporary, non-integrating implants due to its limited cell integration.