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Related Concept Videos

Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

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Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
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Bone Disorders01:29

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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
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Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during...
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The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
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Bones are dynamic organs that require a rich supply of oxygen and nutrients. Around 5% to 10% of the cardiac output supplies blood to the bones. A typical long bone has three main sources: the nutrient artery, the metaphyseal and epiphyseal arteries, and the periosteal arteries.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 2, 2026

A Novel in vivo Gene Transfer Technique and in vitro Cell Based Assays for the Study of Bone Loss in Musculoskeletal Disorders
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Bisphosphonate-induced osteoradionecrosis.

Ruchi Bhuyan1, Sanat Bhuyan2, Rajat G Panigrahi2

  • 1Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Siksha O Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology : JOMFP
|February 28, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bisphosphonates (BPs) treat bone diseases but can cause osteonecrosis of the jaws. This case highlights BP-related osteoradionecrosis of the jaws (BRONJ) and aims to guide diagnosis and prevention.

Keywords:
BRONJmultiple myelomazolendronic acid

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology
  • Oral Surgery

Background:

  • Bisphosphonates (BPs) are crucial for treating osteoporosis and bone metastases.
  • Osteonecrosis of the jaws (ONJ) is an emerging complication associated with BP therapy.
  • BP-related osteoradionecrosis of the jaws (BRONJ) presents diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.

Observation:

  • A 62-year-old male developed BP-related osteoradionecrosis of the jaws (BRONJ) after 3 years of monthly Zometa treatment for multiple myeloma.
  • BRONJ presents diagnostic and therapeutic challenges for clinicians.
  • This case illustrates a specific instance of BRONJ in a patient undergoing long-term bisphosphonate therapy.

Findings:

  • Bisphosphonate therapy, while beneficial for bone health, carries a risk of developing osteonecrosis of the jaws.
  • The presented case underscores the complexity of diagnosing and managing BRONJ.
  • Early recognition and intervention are critical for managing bisphosphonate-induced ONJ.

Implications:

  • Improved understanding of BRONJ pathogenesis is needed.
  • Development of stage-specific diagnostic and preventive guidelines for BRONJ is essential.
  • Clinicians require enhanced knowledge to effectively manage patients at risk for bisphosphonate-related jaw complications.