Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

High-Level and Low-Level Awareness

High-Level and Low-Level Awareness

Controlled processes in human consciousness represent high-alert mental states where individuals deliberately focus their attention on achieving specific goals. Controlled processes can be seen in situations like mastering new technology, where a person might become so absorbed that they ignore surrounding distractions. Such processes involve selective attention, requiring one to concentrate on particular elements of experience while disregarding others. These are governed by executive...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Exploring the mechanisms of biofield therapy through joint electrophysiological recordings in humans and mice.

IBRO neuroscience reports·2026

Same author

Modality-specific predictive templates in pre-stimulus EEG activity.

Neuropsychologia·2026

Same author

Genomic correlates of self-reported psychic experiences: An exploratory analysis.

Explore (New York, N.Y.)·2026

Same author

Screening for Alzheimer's disease in the community using an AI-driven screening platform: design of the PREDICTOM study.

The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease·2026

Same author

The lab streaming layer for synchronized multimodal recording.

Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)·2025

Same author

Hierarchical Event Descriptor library schema for EEG data annotation.

Scientific data·2025

Same journal

Effects of integrating a structured design thinking strategy into generative AI-supported design learning on students' design achievement, creative self-efficacy, and problem-solving skills.

Frontiers in psychology·2026

Same journal

Fukushima treated water release and marine sports.

Frontiers in psychology·2026

Same journal

Mindful parenting and preschoolers' screen dependency behavior: the mediating role of parent-child relationship and the moderating role of effortful control.

Frontiers in psychology·2026

Same journal

Dynamic relationships among first-year university students' critical thinking, academic self-concept, and student engagement: a cross-lagged study.

Frontiers in psychology·2026

Same journal

The association between academic major identity and career decision-making difficulty among Chinese college students: a sequential indirect association model of psychological capital and career adaptability.

Frontiers in psychology·2026

Same journal

Job quality and fertility intentions among Chinese migrant workers: the role of traditional fertility beliefs.

Frontiers in psychology·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 2, 2026

Measurement of Neurophysiological Signals of Ignoring and Attending Processes in Attention Control

Measurement of Neurophysiological Signals of Ignoring and Attending Processes in Attention Control

Published on: July 5, 2015

Oculometric variations during mind wandering.

Romain Grandchamp¹, Claire Braboszcz¹, Arnaud Delorme²

¹Centre de Recherche Cerveau et Cognition, Paul Sabatier University Toulouse, France ; Centre de Recherche Cerveau et Cognition, CNRS, UMR5549 Toulouse, France.

Frontiers in Psychology

|February 28, 2014

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Pupil size, blink rate, and gaze position were analyzed to understand mind-wandering. Larger pupil size during focused breathing, not mind-wandering, was observed, contradicting prior research. Oculometric measures show promise as neurocognitive markers for mind-wandering.

Keywords:

blinks classification gaze position mind wandering pupil size

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Exploring the Link Between Time Perception of Visual Stimuli and Reading Skills

Author Spotlight: Exploring the Link Between Time Perception of Visual Stimuli and Reading Skills

Published on: January 19, 2024

VisualEyes: A Modular Software System for Oculomotor Experimentation

VisualEyes: A Modular Software System for Oculomotor Experimentation

Published on: March 25, 2011

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 2, 2026

Measurement of Neurophysiological Signals of Ignoring and Attending Processes in Attention Control

Measurement of Neurophysiological Signals of Ignoring and Attending Processes in Attention Control

Published on: July 5, 2015

Author Spotlight: Exploring the Link Between Time Perception of Visual Stimuli and Reading Skills

Author Spotlight: Exploring the Link Between Time Perception of Visual Stimuli and Reading Skills

Published on: January 19, 2024

VisualEyes: A Modular Software System for Oculomotor Experimentation

VisualEyes: A Modular Software System for Oculomotor Experimentation

Published on: March 25, 2011

Area of Science:

Cognitive Neuroscience
Psychology
Ophthalmology

Background:

Pupil size, blink frequency, and gaze position are known to vary with cognitive load, emotional state, and drowsiness.
Mind-wandering, a common cognitive phenomenon, involves shifts in attention away from a primary task.
Understanding the neural and physiological correlates of mind-wandering is crucial for cognitive research.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the correlation between oculometric measures (pupil size, blink frequency, gaze position) and self-reported mind-wandering episodes.
To determine if oculometric data can serve as a reliable neurocognitive marker for detecting mind-wandering.
To explore the relationship between oculometric measures and the subjective characteristics of mind-wandering episodes.

Main Methods:

Two subjects performed a breath-counting task conducive to mind-wandering, with continuous recording of oculometric data.
Subjects self-reported mind-wandering episodes by button press and completed questionnaires on episode characteristics.
A support vector machine (SVM) classifier was employed to predict mind-wandering based on oculometric data.

Main Results:

Larger pupil size was observed during breath-focusing periods compared to mind-wandering periods, contrary to some previous findings.
Mean pupil size was the most effective predictor of mind-wandering, achieving classification accuracies of 81% and 77% for the two subjects.
Pupil size positively correlated with the vividness of recalled thoughts during mind-wandering and feelings of well-being.

Conclusions:

Oculometric measures, particularly pupil size, can serve as objective neurocognitive markers for identifying mind-wandering episodes.
The observed pupil size patterns during mind-wandering differ from those in visual tasks, suggesting task-dependent oculometric correlates.
Further research is warranted to validate these findings and explore the underlying mechanisms of oculometric variations during different cognitive states.