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CD5 positive immunoregulatory B cell subsets.

T Paglieroni1, V Caggiano, M MacKenzie

  • 1Sutter Medical Research Foundation, Sacramento, CA 95819.

American Journal of Hematology
|August 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary
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This study characterizes unique CD5+ B cells in B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL). One patient

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Hematology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) is a heterogeneous malignancy characterized by clonal expansion of CD5+ B cells.
  • The specific immunophenotypes and functional properties of these CD5+ B cells in B-CLL can vary significantly.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the distinct immunophenotypes and functional activities of CD5+ B cells from two unique B-CLL patients.
  • To investigate the potential heterogeneity of CD5+ B cell subsets within B-CLL.

Main Methods:

  • Flow cytometry was used to analyze the coexpression of various cell surface markers (CD5, CD19, CD20, HLA-DR, CD10, CD21, CD22, CD25, PCA-1) on B-CLL cells.
  • Functional assays assessed the ability of patient-derived CD5+ B cells to suppress normal peripheral blood lymphocyte (PBL) immunoglobulin (Ig) synthesis stimulated by pokeweed mitogen (PWM).

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  • Immunoglobulin production and rheumatoid factor-like activity were analyzed for cells from patient 2.

    • Main Results:

    • CD5+ B cells from patient 1 were CD19+, CD20+, HLA-DR+, but negative for CD10, CD21, CD22, CD25, PCA-1, surface, and cytoplasmic Ig. These cells exhibited potent immunosuppressive activity (>80% suppression) on normal PBL Ig synthesis.
    • CD5+ B cells from patient 2 were CD19+, CD20+, CD21+, HLA-DR+, IgM+, and kappa+. They were negative for CD10, CD25, and PCA-1. These cells did not suppress normal PBL Ig synthesis but produced monoclonal IgM kappa with rheumatoid factor-like activity.

    Conclusions:

    • These findings demonstrate the existence of distinct CD5+ B cell subsets in B-CLL.
    • One subset appears to be immunosuppressive, while the other exhibits autoreactive properties, as evidenced by monoclonal IgM kappa production with rheumatoid factor-like activity.