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A Proinflammatory, Degenerative Organ Culture Model to Simulate Early-Stage Intervertebral Disc Disease.
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Growth and differentiation factor-5 (GDF-5) in the human intervertebral annulus cells and its modulation by IL-1ß and

Helen E Gruber1, Gretchen L Hoelscher1, Jane A Ingram1

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Carolinas Medical Center, PO Box 32861, Charlotte, NC, USA.

Experimental and Molecular Pathology
|March 4, 2014
PubMed

Keywords:
Disc herniationGrowth and differentiation factor-5Interleukin-1ßIntervertebral discProinflammatory cytokinesTumor necrosis factor-α

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