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Related Concept Videos

Acid-Base Balance01:25

Acid-Base Balance

2.5K
The human body maintains a narrow pH range regulated through acid-base balance. This balance is crucial as changes in the hydrogen ion concentration can disrupt cell membrane stability, alter protein structures, and change enzyme activities. The normal pH of arterial blood is 7.4, venous blood and interstitial fluid is 7.35, and intracellular fluid averages 7.0.
When the pH of arterial blood rises above 7.45, it results in a condition called alkalosis. Conversely, a drop below 7.35 leads to...
2.5K
Acid–Base Equilibria: Activity-Based Definition of pH01:10

Acid–Base Equilibria: Activity-Based Definition of pH

1.5K
For an ideal solution, the pH is defined as the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration. For a non-ideal solution, an accurate measurement of the pH must consider the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion activity rather than concentration. In such a solution, the pH can be more accurately defined as the negative logarithm of a product of the hydrogen ion concentration and its activity coefficient.
In solutions of very low ionic strength—for example, pure water—the...
1.5K
Bronsted-Lowry Acids and Bases02:58

Bronsted-Lowry Acids and Bases

77.9K
The acid-base reaction class has been studied for quite some time. In 1680, Robert Boyle reported traits of acid solutions that included their ability to dissolve many substances, to change the colors of certain natural dyes, and to lose these traits after coming in contact with alkali (base) solutions. In the eighteenth century, it was recognized that acids have a sour taste, react with limestone to liberate a gaseous substance (now known to be CO2), and interact with alkalis to form neutral...
77.9K
Acid–Base Titration: Overview01:26

Acid–Base Titration: Overview

15.3K
An acid-base titration is a technique used to determine the concentration of an unknown acid or base, using a titrant of known concentration–either a base for acid titration or an acid for base titration. The process involves gradually adding the titrant, leading to a predictable change in the pH of the solution. This change is plotted on a titration curve, showing how a solution's pH varies with the amount of titrant added. Such curves are instrumental in monitoring the...
15.3K
Diagnosing Acidosis and Alkalosis01:24

Diagnosing Acidosis and Alkalosis

1.6K
Diagnosing acid-base imbalances involves systematically analyzing arterial blood samples, focusing on three key measurements: pH, bicarbonate (HCO3−) concentration, and carbon dioxide partial pressure (PCO2). This analysis follows a four-step process that helps identify the imbalance's underlying cause and nature.
First, the pH level is assessed to determine whether the blood pH is normal (7.35–7.45), low (acidosis), or high (alkalosis).
Next, the PCO2  and...
1.6K
pH Homeostasis01:31

pH Homeostasis

12.2K
Acid-base homeostasis is essential for maintaining normal physiological activities in humans. The pH of various body fluids is strictly regulated because it is critical for the optimal activity of enzymes involved in metabolic reactions. Enzymes are basically proteins, so, any significant change in pH can affect their structure and activity. In humans, pH is regulated using three primary mechanisms— chemical buffer systems, respiratory regulation, and renal regulation.
Respiratory...
12.2K

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Hydra, a Computer-Based Platform for Aiding Clinicians in Cardiovascular Analysis and Diagnosis
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Interactive computer-assisted instruction in acid-base physiology for mobile computer platforms.

Kenneth J Longmuir1

  • 1Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California.

Advances in Physiology Education
|March 4, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Interactive, computer-assisted instruction for acid-base physiology significantly improved medical student engagement and learning efficiency. This mobile-friendly approach, featuring active learning and graphics, was preferred over traditional lectures.

Keywords:
acid-base physiologyactive learningcomputer-assisted instructione-learningiPadindependent learninginteractive learningmedical educationmobile computing

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Physiology
  • Educational Technology

Background:

  • Traditional lecture-based instruction in acid-base physiology faces challenges in engaging first-year medical students.
  • The need for innovative, technology-driven pedagogical approaches in medical education is growing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of interactive, computer-assisted instruction (CAI) modules for teaching acid-base physiology to first-year medical students.
  • To compare student reception and learning outcomes between CAI and traditional lecture formats.

Main Methods:

  • Developed interactive CAI modules for iPad and mobile platforms covering buffer systems and acid-base disorders.
  • Incorporated active learning strategies, including learner-controlled explanations and clinical case-based Q&A.
  • Assessed student feedback on engagement, learning experience, and time efficiency.

Main Results:

  • Students responded positively to the interactive, self-paced, and graphically rich CAI modules.
  • The active learning components and integrated text-graphics were highlighted as key benefits.
  • Most students found the CAI approach more time-efficient than traditional lectures.

Conclusions:

  • Interactive CAI offers a promising alternative to traditional lectures for teaching complex physiological concepts like acid-base balance.
  • Successful implementation requires instructor adaptation to interactive methods and student acceptance of independent learning responsibilities.
  • Institutional evaluation metrics may need to evolve beyond scheduled instruction hours to recognize the value of CAI.