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Related Concept Videos

Roles of Electrolytes: Calcium and Phosphate01:27

Roles of Electrolytes: Calcium and Phosphate

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Calcium and phosphate are essential electrolytes in the human body, with calcium being the most abundant mineral. Around 99% of the body's calcium is stored in the skeleton and teeth, forming a crystal lattice of mineral salts in combination with phosphates. Calcium plays crucial roles in various bodily functions such as blood clotting, neurotransmitter release, muscle tone maintenance, and nervous and muscle tissue excitability.
The calcium concentration in blood plasma is primarily...
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Introduction to Electrolytes01:33

Introduction to Electrolytes

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In humans, electrolytes play a vital role in various physiological processes. Balancing electrolyte levels is essential for normal body functions; their imbalance can be life-threatening. The major electrolytes include sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, phosphate, and bicarbonate. They are primarily involved in physiological processes, such as nerve signal transmission, membrane trafficking, muscle contraction, buffering body fluids, and balancing water levels in the body.
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Phosphate Buffer01:22

Phosphate Buffer

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The phosphate buffer system is a critical biological mechanism for maintaining pH stability in the body. This system operates primarily through two components: sodium dihydrogen phosphate (NaH2PO4), which acts as a weak acid, and sodium hydrogen phosphate (Na2HPO4), which serves as a weak base.
Sodium dihydrogen phosphate does not fully dissociate in neutral or acidic solutions. When a strong base, such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH), is introduced into the solution, sodium dihydrogen phosphate...
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pH Regulation in Cells01:28

pH Regulation in Cells

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pH plays a critical role in maintaining normal cellular activities. It helps maintain the structure and function of various proteins, dictates the charge on cellular membranes, and is crucial for metabolic reactions inside the cell. Moreover, cells use the energy from the proton motive force to generate ATP.
Cytosolic pH
Under physiological conditions, the cytosolic pH is slightly more acidic than the extracellular pH. However, cells must prevent further acidification of their cytosol to...
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Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
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Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis01:21

Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis

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Calcium is not only the most abundant mineral in bone but also the most abundant mineral in the human body. Calcium ions are needed for bone mineralization, tooth health, heart rate regulation and strength of contraction, blood coagulation, the contraction of smooth and skeletal muscle cells, and the regulation of nerve impulse conduction. The average calcium level in the blood is about 10 mg/dL. When the body cannot maintain this level, a person will experience hypo or hypercalcemia.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 2, 2026

Assaying for Inorganic Polyphosphate in Bacteria
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Assaying for Inorganic Polyphosphate in Bacteria

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Phosphate homeostasis and disorders.

P Manghat1, R Sodi2, R Swaminathan3

  • 1Department of Chemical Pathology, Darent Valley Hospital, Dartford, UK.

Annals of Clinical Biochemistry
|March 4, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Recent research illuminates inherited phosphate metabolism disorders. Understanding phosphate balance, including fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23), is crucial for managing hypo- and hyperphosphataemia and associated cardiovascular risks.

Keywords:
ElectrolytesFGF23analytesphosphate

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
  • Endocrinology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Phosphate is vital for numerous bodily functions.
  • Phosphate balance is regulated by vitamin D, parathyroid hormone, and phosphatonins like fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23).
  • Disruptions in phosphate homeostasis (hypo- and hyperphosphataemia) are prevalent and have significant clinical implications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in understanding phosphate homeostasis.
  • To detail the causes, diagnostic approaches, and management strategies for hypophosphataemia and hyperphosphataemia.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on phosphate metabolism.
  • Synthesis of current knowledge on regulatory mechanisms.
  • Analysis of clinical consequences and management of phosphate imbalances.

Main Results:

  • Hyperphosphataemia is increasingly linked to elevated cardiovascular disease risk.
  • Advances in understanding FGF23's role in phosphate regulation.
  • Identification of key factors in maintaining phosphate balance.

Conclusions:

  • A comprehensive understanding of phosphate metabolism is essential for clinical practice.
  • Effective management of phosphate disorders can mitigate associated health risks, including cardiovascular complications.
  • Ongoing research continues to refine our knowledge of phosphate homeostasis and its clinical relevance.