Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Introduction to R

Introduction to R

R is a powerful software environment for statistical computing and graphics. Originating as an implementation of the S language, developed at Bell Laboratories, R has evolved into a robust, open-source statistical software favored by statisticians and data scientists worldwide. Its comprehensive suite includes data manipulation, calculation, and graphical display capabilities, making it versatile for data analysis and visualization. Its programming language is at the core of R's...

Multiple Comparison Tests

Multiple Comparison Tests

Multiple comparison test, abbreviated as MCT, is a post hoc analysis generally performed after comparing multiple samples with one or more tests. An MCT will help identify a significantly different sample among multiple samples or a factor among multiple factors.
It would be easy to compare two samples using a significance alpha level of 0.05. In other words, there is only one sample pair to be compared. However, it would be difficult to identify a significantly different sample if the number...

Components of Language

Components of Language

Language, whether spoken, signed, or written, consists of specific components: lexicon and grammar. The lexicon is the vocabulary of a language, comprising its words. Grammar is the set of rules used to convey meaning through the lexicon. For example, English grammar adds “-ed” to most verbs to indicate past tense. Words are formed by combining phonemes, which are the basic sound units of a language. Different languages have different sets of phonemes (e.g., “ah” vs.

Language Development

Language Development

Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...

Introduction to MATLAB

Introduction to MATLAB

MATLAB stands for Matrix Laboratory. MathWorks developed MATLAB as a multi-paradigm numerical computing environment and proprietary programming language. It has evolved significantly over the years to become a tool utilized by engineers, scientists, and mathematicians for various tasks, including matrix calculations, developing algorithms, data analysis, and visualization. MATLAB's applications span various industries and disciplines. It's used in image and signal processing,...

Language

Language

Language is a unique communication system that uses words and systematic rules to organize and transmit information. Unlike other forms of communication, which may involve postures, movements, odors, or vocalizations, language relies on symbols and grammar. This makes human communication distinct from that of other species, who also communicate but do not use language in the same way humans do.
Corballis and Suddendorf (2007) and Tomasello and Rakoczy (2003) highlight the role of language in...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Green synthesis of nickel oxide nanoparticles using <i>Calotropis procera</i> leaf extract for visible-light photocatalytic degradation of RBV-5R dye.

Journal of environmental science and health. Part A, Toxic/hazardous substances & environmental engineering·2026

Same author

A decision-making framework based on complex fuzzy bipolar soft sets for investment strategy optimization.

Scientific reports·2026

Same author

Metal(loid)s Contamination in the Soil-Rice System: Health Risk Assessment Based on Source Analysis and Monte Carlo Simulation.

Journal of applied toxicology : JAT·2026

Same author

Novel Variants in PUS7 Associated With Intellectual Disability and Growth Retardation: Expanding the Clinical Spectrum in 13 Patients.

Clinical genetics·2026

Same author

Evolutionary divergence in sympatric populations of the fungal pathogen Alternaria alternata across wild tomato hosts.

Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences·2026

Same author

Enhancing aviation safety: An 80-year data-driven model for classification of aviation incident and accident.

PloS one·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 2, 2026

Augmenting Large Language Models via Vector Embeddings to Improve Domain-Specific Responsiveness

Augmenting Large Language Models via Vector Embeddings to Improve Domain-Specific Responsiveness

Published on: December 6, 2024

An evaluation framework and comparative analysis of the widely used first programming languages.

Muhammad Shoaib Farooq¹, Sher Afzal Khan², Farooq Ahmad³

¹Department of Computer Science, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan ; Faculty of Information Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.

|March 4, 2014

Summary

Selecting the best first programming language (FPL) for computer science education is challenging. This study introduces a framework and scoring function to objectively evaluate and compare FPLs for suitability.

More Related Videos

Computerized Adaptive Testing System of Functional Assessment of Stroke

Computerized Adaptive Testing System of Functional Assessment of Stroke

Published on: January 7, 2019

Measuring the Functional Abilities of Children Aged 3-6 Years Old with Observational Methods and Computer Tools

Measuring the Functional Abilities of Children Aged 3-6 Years Old with Observational Methods and Computer Tools

Published on: June 20, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 2, 2026

Augmenting Large Language Models via Vector Embeddings to Improve Domain-Specific Responsiveness

Augmenting Large Language Models via Vector Embeddings to Improve Domain-Specific Responsiveness

Published on: December 6, 2024

Computerized Adaptive Testing System of Functional Assessment of Stroke

Computerized Adaptive Testing System of Functional Assessment of Stroke

Published on: January 7, 2019

Measuring the Functional Abilities of Children Aged 3-6 Years Old with Observational Methods and Computer Tools

Measuring the Functional Abilities of Children Aged 3-6 Years Old with Observational Methods and Computer Tools

Published on: June 20, 2020

Area of Science:

Computer Science Education
Programming Language Theory

Background:

The selection of a first programming language (FPL) is crucial for computer science curricula.
Numerous programming languages exist, leading to ongoing debate regarding the most suitable FPL.
Existing methods for evaluating and comparing FPLs are insufficient.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose a comprehensive framework for evaluating imperative and object-oriented languages as FPLs.
To develop a customizable scoring function for quantitative FPL suitability assessment.
To assess the conformance of widely used FPLs using the proposed framework.

Main Methods:

Development of a novel evaluation framework for FPL suitability.
Design of a quantitative scoring function based on the framework.
Application of the framework and scoring function to assess popular FPLs.

Main Results:

A structured framework for FPL evaluation has been established.
A customizable scoring function provides quantitative metrics for language suitability.
Comparative suitability scores for several common FPLs have been computed.

Conclusions:

The proposed framework offers a systematic approach to FPL selection.
Quantitative scoring aids in identifying the most appropriate FPL for introductory programming.
This research provides valuable insights for educators and curriculum designers in computer science.