Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Gram-negative Bacterial Protein Secretion Systems01:17

Gram-negative Bacterial Protein Secretion Systems

1.7K
Gram-negative bacteria utilize sophisticated protein secretion systems to transport proteins across their double-membrane envelope into the extracellular environment or host cells. Based on their mechanism of action, these systems are classified into one-step and two-step pathways.One-Step Secretion Systems (Types I, III, IV, and VI)One-step secretion systems bypass the periplasm entirely, forming a continuous channel that spans both the inner and outer membranes:Type I Secretion System (T1SS):...
1.7K
Bacterial Translocation and Protein Secretion01:26

Bacterial Translocation and Protein Secretion

1.1K
Bacterial protein secretion involves translocation systems to ensure proteins reach their designated locations, including the plasma membrane, periplasm, outer membrane, or the external environment. These translocation systems are vital for bacterial physiology, supporting processes like membrane assembly, enzymatic activity in the periplasm, and interactions with the external environment. The division of labor between Sec and Tat pathways ensures efficiency in handling proteins with diverse...
1.1K
Regulation of Bacterial Virulence01:28

Regulation of Bacterial Virulence

76
Pathogenic bacteria employ a range of regulatory mechanisms to modulate the expression of virulence genes in response to environmental and host-derived signals. These mechanisms ensure that virulence factors are expressed only under favorable conditions, thereby optimizing infection and survival strategies.Mechanisms of Virulence RegulationKey regulatory strategies include:Two-Component Systems: These consist of a membrane-bound sensor kinase and a cytoplasmic response regulator. Environmental...
76
Overview of Secretory Vesicles01:33

Overview of Secretory Vesicles

8.8K
Secretory vesicles, also known as dense core vesicles (DCVs), are membrane-bound vesicles that transport secretory proteins, such as hormones or neurotransmitters. Regulated secretory vesicles transport proteins from the trans-Golgi network to the exterior of the cell. Proteins present in regulated secretory vesicles are required to be rapidly exocytosed in large amounts upon a specific stimulus.
Various proteins regulate the aggregation of molecules inside the secretory vesicles. Chromogranins...
8.8K
Nuclear Export01:42

Nuclear Export

3.7K
The nucleus restricts several proteins within and allows others to pass. The restricted proteins possess a nuclear retention sequence or NRS, anchoring them to the nuclear lamins and preventing their transport to the cytosol. The non-restricted proteins, after their synthesis, are transported to their site of action, such as the cytosol or other organelles, with the help of nuclear export signals or NES.
NES are of three types- the canonical 10-residue long leucine-rich signal and other...
3.7K
Exocytosis00:51

Exocytosis

62.3K
Exocytosis is used to release material from cells. Like other bulk transport mechanisms, exocytosis requires energy.
62.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

C-terminal domain of the filamentous hemagglutinin FhaB is crucial for interaction of <i>Bordetella pertussis</i> with ciliated epithelial cells.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Redox regulated auto-processing controls delivery of an antibacterial cysteine peptidase toxin.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Editorial: Exercise and menopause: benefits, challenges and the transition to optimal management.

Frontiers in sports and active living·2026
Same author

Post-Stroke Motor Fatigability: Defining and Studying the Impairments That Emerge During Prolonged Motor Tasks.

Neurorehabilitation and neural repair·2026
Same author

Bacteria deliver a microtubule-binding protein into mammalian cells to promote colonization.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same author

Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of the Contralesional Dorsal Premotor Cortex for Upper Extremity Motor Improvement in Severe Stroke: A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial.

American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitation·2026
Same journal

Riboflavin Salvage Supports Glycolysis in Borrelia burgdorferi Through Flavin-Dependent NAD<sup>+</sup> Regeneration.

Molecular microbiology·2026
Same journal

Distinct Spatial Organisation of Rho and RNA Polymerase in Salmonella Cells.

Molecular microbiology·2026
Same journal

A Single-Nucleotide Substitution Generates a de Novo Promoter That Activates a Latent Metabolic Bypass in Escherichia coli.

Molecular microbiology·2026
Same journal

A Phosphorylation-Dependent Partner-Switching-Like Module Regulates a Glycosyltransferase Required for Heterocyst Polysaccharide Layer Formation in Anabaena sp. Strain PCC 7120.

Molecular microbiology·2026
Same journal

Chain-Length Regulation by WzzE Is Necessary for, but Genetically Separable From, Cyclic Enterobacterial Common Antigen Synthesis.

Molecular microbiology·2026
Same journal

To Move or Not to Move: When and How Bacteria Suppress Flagellar Motility.

Molecular microbiology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 2, 2026

A Visual Assay to Monitor T6SS-mediated Bacterial Competition
08:45

A Visual Assay to Monitor T6SS-mediated Bacterial Competition

Published on: March 20, 2013

19.6K

Genetically distinct pathways guide effector export through the type VI secretion system.

John C Whitney1, Christina M Beck, Young Ah Goo

  • 1Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.

Molecular Microbiology
|March 5, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers discovered a new antibacterial toxin, Tse4, secreted by Pseudomonas aeruginosa using a novel proteomics screen. This method identified distinct bacterial secretion pathways based on interactions with Hcp or VgrG proteins.

More Related Videos

Applying Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer FRET to Examine Effector Translocation Efficiency by Coxiella burnetii during siRNA Silencing
10:29

Applying Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer FRET to Examine Effector Translocation Efficiency by Coxiella burnetii during siRNA Silencing

Published on: July 6, 2016

10.0K
Analysis of Yersinia enterocolitica Effector Translocation into Host Cells Using Beta-lactamase Effector Fusions
12:23

Analysis of Yersinia enterocolitica Effector Translocation into Host Cells Using Beta-lactamase Effector Fusions

Published on: October 13, 2015

8.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 2, 2026

A Visual Assay to Monitor T6SS-mediated Bacterial Competition
08:45

A Visual Assay to Monitor T6SS-mediated Bacterial Competition

Published on: March 20, 2013

19.6K
Applying Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer FRET to Examine Effector Translocation Efficiency by Coxiella burnetii during siRNA Silencing
10:29

Applying Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer FRET to Examine Effector Translocation Efficiency by Coxiella burnetii during siRNA Silencing

Published on: July 6, 2016

10.0K
Analysis of Yersinia enterocolitica Effector Translocation into Host Cells Using Beta-lactamase Effector Fusions
12:23

Analysis of Yersinia enterocolitica Effector Translocation into Host Cells Using Beta-lactamase Effector Fusions

Published on: October 13, 2015

8.1K

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Bacterial Pathogenesis

Background:

  • Bacterial secretion systems, like the type VI secretion system (T6SS), utilize molecular chaperones to export substrates.
  • The T6SS component haemolysin co-regulated protein (Hcp) acts as a chaperone, stabilizing secreted effectors.
  • Understanding T6SS substrate recognition and export is crucial for deciphering bacterial inter-species competition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and apply a quantitative cellular proteomics screen for identifying T6SS substrates.
  • To characterize novel effectors and their export mechanisms in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
  • To differentiate between distinct T6SS effector export pathways.

Main Methods:

  • Quantitative cellular proteomics screen leveraging the chaperone-like function of Hcp.
  • Application of the screen to the H1-T6SS of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
  • Genetic analyses to study effector delivery and interbacterial competition.

Main Results:

  • Identification of a novel H1-T6SS effector, Tse4, acting as an antibacterial toxin.
  • Discovery that Hcp stabilizes certain effectors, while others (Tse5, Tse6) require VgrG proteins.
  • Demonstration of distinct Hcp-dependent and VgrG-dependent effector export pathways.

Conclusions:

  • Hcp-mediated stabilization and VgrG-dependent delivery represent two distinct pathways for T6SS effector export.
  • The identified effector Tse4 contributes to intra-specific antibacterial activity in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
  • This work provides new insights into the regulation and diversity of bacterial secretion systems.