Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neurotoxicity: a critical analysis

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Neuroscience
• Pharmacology

Background:

• The number of cancer survivors has significantly increased globally.
• Long-term treatment toxicities and their impact on survivors' quality of life are gaining attention.
• Chemotherapy-induced neurotoxicity, particularly peripheral neuropathy, presents a significant clinical challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the diagnosis, symptomatology, and pathophysiology of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN).
• To critically analyze assessment strategies, neuroprotective measures, and therapeutic options for CIPN.
• To focus on CIPN associated with specific chemotherapies used in breast, colorectal, testicular, and hematological cancers.

Main Methods:

• Literature review focusing on chemotherapy-induced neurotoxicity.
• Analysis of diagnostic criteria and assessment tools for peripheral neuropathy.
• Examination of pathophysiological mechanisms and treatment strategies for CIPN.

Main Results:

• Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy affects survivors of various cancers, including breast, colorectal, testicular, and hematological malignancies.
• Taxanes, platinum compounds, vinca alkaloids, thalidomide, and bortezomib are key agents associated with CIPN.
• Current understanding of CIPN pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management strategies is evolving.

Conclusions:

• Effective management of CIPN is crucial for maintaining the quality of life in a growing population of cancer survivors.
• Further research into neuroprotective agents and novel treatment strategies is warranted.
• A multidisciplinary approach is essential for addressing the complexities of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy.