Inflammatory pseudotumor of spleen

Area of Science:

• Pathology
• Oncology
• Surgical Oncology

Background:

• Inflammatory pseudotumor (IPT) is an uncommon neoplasm characterized by spindle cell proliferation of uncertain origin.
• Its occurrence within the spleen is particularly rare, often mimicking other splenic pathologies.
• Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a suspected etiology, and myofibroblasts are the most suspected origin, leading to the synonym 'inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor'.

Observation:

• A 63-year-old female presented with abdominal discomfort, revealing a splenic mass on initial investigations.
• Clinical presentation commonly includes abdominal pain, fever, and weight loss, depending on tumor location.
• Microscopic examination of the splenic mass suggested differential diagnoses, including IPT.

Findings:

• Surgical intervention was performed for the splenic mass.
• Immunohistochemical staining was crucial for confirming the diagnosis of IPT and excluding other possibilities.
• While surgical removal is the treatment of choice, recurrence and metastasis have been infrequently reported.

Implications:

• This case highlights the importance of considering IPT in the differential diagnosis of splenic masses.
• Accurate diagnosis through immunohistochemistry is vital for appropriate patient management.
• Further research into the etiology and behavior of splenic IPT may improve treatment strategies and patient outcomes.