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Normal eyeblink classical conditioning in patients with fixed dystonia.

Sabine Janssen1, Lidwien C Veugen, Britt S Hoffland

  • 1Department of Neurology 935, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands, sabineneuro.janssen@radboudumc.nl.

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Summary

Fixed dystonia patients without medication showed normal cerebellar function via eyeblink classical conditioning (EBCC). Medication, however, impaired conditioned responses, suggesting it impacts performance in fixed dystonia.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology
  • Movement Disorders

Background:

  • Fixed dystonia, often affecting young women post-trauma, lacks basal ganglia lesions or neurodegeneration.
  • The pathophysiology of primary dystonia involves the cerebellum, prompting investigation into fixed dystonia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate cerebellar functioning in fixed dystonia using eyeblink classical conditioning (EBCC).
  • To determine if cerebellar dysfunction contributes to fixed dystonia, particularly in non-medicated patients.

Main Methods:

  • Eyeblink classical conditioning (EBCC) protocol involving auditory (CS) and supraorbital nerve (US) stimuli.
  • Recruited 11 fixed dystonia patients (6 medicated) and 7 age-matched healthy controls.

Main Results:

  • Non-medicated fixed dystonia patients performed comparably to healthy controls in EBCC.
  • Medicated patients exhibited significantly fewer conditioned responses compared to controls.
  • Medication, dystonic feature extent, and CRPS presence potentially influenced EBCC performance.

Conclusions:

  • Cerebellar function appears normal in non-medicated fixed dystonia patients without CRPS or symptom spread.
  • Medication significantly impacts EBCC performance in fixed dystonia patients.
  • The study refutes abnormal cerebellar function as a primary mechanism in this patient subgroup.