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Chiral High-Speed Counter-Current Chromatography: Future Strategies for Chiral Selector Development.

Ying Ma1, Yoichiro Ito2

  • 1Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 10 Center Drive, Room1C401, Bethesda, MD 20892-2281, USA.

Current Chromatography
|March 11, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

High-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) chiral separations are limited by fewer chiral selectors (CSs) compared to HPLC. Strategies to suppress CS molecular movement in HSCCC aim to improve chiral selectivity and expand CS options.

Keywords:
chiral selectorchiral separationhigh-speed counter-current chromatographysteric interaction

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Chromatographic Separations
  • Chiral Chemistry

Background:

  • Conventional high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) utilizes chiral columns with chemically bonded chiral selectors (CSs) for chiral separations.
  • High-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) employs dissolved CSs in the liquid stationary phase for chiral separations.
  • The number of effective CSs for HSCCC is significantly lower than for HPLC, potentially due to molecular motion reducing selectivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address the limited number of effective chiral selectors (CSs) used in high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC).
  • To propose strategies for suppressing the molecular movement of CSs in the liquid stationary phase of HSCCC.
  • To enhance chiral selectivity and expand the applicability of CSs in HSCCC.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing chiral selectors (CSs) used in high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC).
  • Analysis of factors limiting chiral selectivity in HSCCC, particularly the molecular movement of dissolved CSs.
  • Proposal of three strategies to suppress CS molecular movement: using viscous phases, attaching hydrophobic chains, and immobilizing CSs on particles.

Main Results:

  • Identified a limited repertoire of CSs successfully employed in HSCCC compared to HPLC.
  • Hypothesized that the molecular mobility of dissolved CSs in HSCCC's liquid stationary phase hinders steric-affinity-based chiral recognition.
  • Proposed three distinct methods to mitigate CS molecular movement and potentially improve HSCCC chiral separation efficiency.

Conclusions:

  • The development of new chiral selectors (CSs) for HSCCC requires strategies to control their motion in the liquid stationary phase.
  • Employing viscous stationary phases, incorporating long hydrophobic chains, or immobilizing CSs on nanoparticles are promising approaches.
  • These strategies aim to enhance chiral selectivity and broaden the scope of chiral separations achievable with HSCCC.